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First year semester 2 > AHW Camelids > Flashcards

AHW Camelids Flashcards

1
Q

What species is the camelid under

How much does an adult weigh?

A
  1. species = llama

2. adult = 150-180kg

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2
Q

difference between llama and alpaca

A 
These are domesticted
Llama
1. 140-180kg
2. bananna shaped ears
3. usually no fleece on legs
Alpaca
1. F = 60-80kg male 90
2. fleece on legs
3. pointy ears
4. fringe
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3
Q

Name the undomesticated

A
  1. Vicuna = not kept as pets
  2. Guanaco. Larger than llama. Treated like deer
    both subject to CITES
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4
Q

What are the breeds within the alpaca?

A 
2 breeds
1. SURI
dreadlock fleece, parting = more susceptible to damp
2. HUACAYA
fluffy fleece
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5
Q

llama breeds

A
  1. many different

2. not really knows so only need to know the 2 alpaca (suri and huacaya)

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6
Q

Why keep camelids?

A
  1. fleece = soft, hollow (lightweight) warm in winter, cool in summer
  2. social - shows, agility, tracking, old people homes
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7
Q

Average price of alpaca

A
  1. female = 5-8k
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8
Q

Vocalisation

A
  1. humming = normal
  2. snort = more agitated
  3. clicking
  4. alarm = shriek
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9
Q

Ovulation

A
  1. induced ovulation

2. oorgling sound by male when mating

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10
Q

Spitting

A
  1. first spit

2. next = stomach contents

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11
Q

Halter fit

A
  1. nose band must be vvvvvv close to eye as bone starts high up
  2. is band on soft cartilage = obstructs airway = panic
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12
Q

Why not surpass stress threshold and what are signs of stress

A
  1. mouth bleeding = open mouth
  2. back off, give 5 mins then come back
  3. work themselves into complete stress = comatosed
  4. Mouth breathing, laboured breathing, rapid oscillation of eye, head back, comatosed
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13
Q

What is the difference between mouth breathing and pouting?

A
  1. MB, lower lip at teeth line just got open mouth

2. pouting lower lip completely down

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14
Q

What are youngsters called

A

CRIA

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15
Q

Name for intact male, castrated male, unweaned young,

A
  1. intact male = Male, stud, macho
  2. castrated male = Gelding, wether
  3. Unweaned young = cria
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16
Q

Name for haircoat, weaned, giving birth

A
  1. Act of giving birth = Birthing (calving)
  2. Weaned = Juvenile, weanling, adolescent
  3. Haircoat = Fibre, Hair, Fleece (not wool)
17
Q

Alpaca feet

A
  1. walk on leathery pads
  2. nail at front = trip to make it level with pad
  3. both P2 and P3. walk on both
  4. metatarsal glands on back legs inside and outsdie
18
Q

Dentistry

A
  1. like ruminants = incisors only in lower jaw
  2. dental pad on upper
  3. 4 pairs of insicors
  4. gap and cheek teeth
  5. fighting teeth in upper jaw: incisor 3 and canine tooth
  6. canine in lower
  7. All entire males develop. Lot of females and castrated = don’t catch
  8. ask to cut often
  9. gap and cheek teeth = blades cutting against. Occasionally need to rasp but never made completely smooth as used to cut (unlike horse)
19
Q

Ruminant? not? what?

A
  1. stoamch has 3 compartments

2. not ruminant as no rumen so called pseudo ruminant

20
Q

Talk about stoamch

A
  1. called compartment 1, 2 and 3
  2. compartment 2 = outpouch of comp 1
  3. compartment 3 = last 3rd to 1/4 adn pH drops to 2/3. previous = 6 ish
  4. ventral aspect C1 and C2 = sacules = inc contact surface area and secrete bicarbonate
  5. sufficient nutrient converter
  6. C3 = long tube like
  7. right angle kink
  8. duodenum = widening ampulla at start
21
Q

Intestine

A
  1. small and large similar to ruminants. 10-12 m long. SI = 7 m
  2. spiral colon, sudden reduction in diameter
22
Q

Liver

A
  1. NO gallllll

2. rough surface

23
Q

Why are camelids so special?!

A
  1. complete mixture of the best features
  2. leather pads not hoofs
  3. no gall like horse
  4. indiced ovlation like cat
  5. 3 stomach compartments - not 4, not 1
  6. pellet poo like rabbits
24
Q

Diarrhoea

A
  1. SERIOUSLY dehydrated = able to absorb lot of water in hindgut so if D = bad news
  2. get on intravenous drip asap
25
Q

NUTRITIOn

A
  1. V efficient nutrient converter
  2. selective feeding
  3. slowly digestible structural constituents
  4. increase C1 retention time by 6-8 hrs
  5. inc C1 volume
  6. Efficient urea recycling and urea degredation
26
Q

Appetite

A
  1. although most species = 3 %
  2. alpaca = 1.8% BW
  3. Llama = 2%
    Challenge in late pregnant animal and early alctation. Eat 20-30% less than sheep
27
Q

Gestation

A

11.5 months

28
Q

When additional energy requirements

A
  1. third trimester (month 9, 10, 11)
  2. Alpaca 9 months = 2MJ extra, 10 = 4, 11 = 6
  3. Llama 3, 6, 9 MJ extra
  4. lactation A = 4 MJ extra
    L = 6.5 MJ extra
29
Q

if want to change diet over how long period?

30
Q

Main health issue with these animals

A
  1. rickets
  2. vit D deficiency
  3. important to supplement especially over winter and dark fleece
    ALSO
  4. overweight: want body condition score 2.5 out of 5
31
Q

Water requirements

A
  1. usually 3% body weight
  2. lactation and exercise = 8%
  3. hot/ humid = 10-15%

First year semester 2 (50 decks)

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