Culture and Emotions

Question 1

what makes up culture?

Answer 1

language
art and music
norms and rules
institutions and architecture

Question 2

culture is…

Answer 2

a shared value system that characterizes a society

Question 3

values are….

Answer 3

principles that guide our lives

Question 4

values…

Answer 4

-transcend situations
-guide selection and evaluation of behaviors and events
-are hierarchically organized

Question 5

Hofstede

Answer 5

IBM study
-looked at value dimensions:
power distance (how we feel about power)
uncertainty avoidance (how we feel about uncertainty
masculinity v. femininity (competion v. care)
individualism v. collectivism

Question 6

culture influences:

Answer 6

-emotional appraisals
-emotion language
-emotional expression

Question 7

in what ways does culture interact with appraisals?

Answer 7

• universality of appraisals
• values approach

(there are some appraisals of basic emotions that are cross cultural, but a cultures values will impact the interpretation of an event)

Question 8

what are the emotions that have universal, cross cultural appraisals?

Answer 8

happiness, anger, sadness, disgust, fear, surprise, contempt, shame/guilt.

Question 9

culture can influence the…..of events

Answer 9

specific meaning

Question 10

what are two values that care often left to cultural interpretation?

Answer 10

roles immorality, and fairness

Question 11

what type of cultural variation is there in emotion labels?

Answer 11

• difference in the amount of emotions that are labeled.
  ex.) Indonesia there are 2 positive and 3 negative, but in Italy there are 4 positive and 3 negative
• the exact words for emotions vary
  ex.) we have words for sympathy, empathy, and pity in English but in other cultures they may not have those specific terms.

Question 12

culture impacts how we express emotions through

Answer 12

encoding and decoding rules

Question 13

what are the cultural variation in display (encoding) rules?

Answer 13

1.) intensification (more,, show)
2.) deintensification (less, hide)
3.) neutralizing
4.) Masking (polite smiles) (you feel one way,, but show another)
5.) ritualized display (tongue of khali)

Question 14

tongue of khali

Answer 14

a hindu ritualized expression of a mistake

Question 15

what are the cultural variations in decoding?

Answer 15

cultures differ in what they use to understand emotions
ex.) in the us people often use the mouth to distinguish emotion , but in asian cultures it is more common to use the eyes

Question 16

cultures also vary to what degree they value particular emotional experiences

Answer 16

they differ in what emotions they value actually having and they differ to what degree they value emotions you ideally should have

(ideal v. actual affect)