Chapter 4 Reeve

Question 1

what is a need?

Answer 1

a cognition within a person that is essential for growth, well-being, and life

Question 2

what are the 3 types of needs?

Answer 2

1. physiological needs
2. psychological needs
3. implicit needs

Question 3

what are physiological needs?

Answer 3

biological condition within the organism that synchronized brain structures, hormones, and major organs to regulate wellbeing, and corrects bodily imbalances that are potential threats (ex. thirst, hunger, sex)

Question 4

what are psychological needs?

Answer 4

inherent psychological processes that underlie the proactive desire to seek out interactions with the environment that can promote personal growth, social development, and psychologic well being

Question 5

what are the 3 basic psychological needs?

Answer 5

1. autonomy
2. competence
3. relatedness

Question 6

what is an implicit need?

Answer 6

a developmentally acquired psychological process to seek out and spend time interacting with those environmental events associated with positive emotions learned through ones social history

Question 7

what is deficiency motivation?

Answer 7

-generated by some state of deprivation
-activates emergency like motivation to quiet deficit,,usually generates more negative emotions (anxiety, pain, etc.)

Question 8

what is growth motivation?

Answer 8

gently guide behavior to improve well being,, usually generates more positive emotions (enjoyment, hope etc.)

Question 9

what are the 3 implicit needs?

Answer 9

achievement, affiliation, and power

Question 10

what was clark hulls theory?

Answer 10

drive theory

Question 11

what is drive theory?

Answer 11

psychological deprivations and deficits create biological needs (like a lack of food or lack of sleep) when the need goes unfulfilled it will occupy attention and generate psychological drive

Question 12

what does drive do?

Answer 12

energizes the animal into action and directs that energized activity toward behaviors that can ease the biological deficit.

Question 13

what is psychological drive?

Answer 13

the conscious manifestation of underlying unconscious physiological need (drive is what has motivational properties, NOT the need)

it readies the individual to engage goal directed thoughts and behaviors that yield drive reduction

Question 14

what are the 7 core regulatory processes?

Answer 14

1. physiological need
2. psychological drive
3. homeostasis
4. negative feedback
5. multiple inputs/outputs
6. intraorganismic mechanisms
7. extraorgnismic mechanisms

Question 15

what is homeostasis?

Answer 15

the bodys tendency to maintain a stable internal state, and the motivational and emotional drive to return to that state

Question 16

what is the multiple inputs/outputs method of regulation?

Answer 16

drive arises from a number of different sources (inputs) and motivates a number of different goal directed behaviors (outputs)
-drive is the intervening variable between these inputs and outputs

Question 17

what are intraorganismic mechanisms

Answer 17

all of the biological systems that act to activate maintain and terminate the biological needs that underlie drive?

Question 18

what are the 3 main categories of intraorganismic mechanisms

Answer 18

1. brain structures
2. endocrine systems
3. bodily organs

Question 19

what are extraorganismic mechanisms

Answer 19

all of the environmental influences that help activate maintain and terminate psychological drive

Question 20

what are the principle categories of extraorgannismic mechanisms?

Answer 20

-cognitive
-environmental
-social
-cultural

ex.) hunger leads to beliefs about calories or goals about losing weight