Croy 27 Flashcards
ἐλπίς
ἐλπίς, -ίδος, ἡ
hope
ἔξω
without; outside (gen)
θυγάτηρ
θυγάτηρ, -τρός, ἡ
a daughter
καθώς
as, just as, even as
οἶδα
to know, understand
ὅς, ἥ, ὅ
who, which
ὅσος
ὅσος, -η, -ον
as great as, as many as
ὅστις
ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅτι
whoever, whichever, whatever (indef. rel. pronoun)
ὅπου
where, whither
τίς
τίς, τί
who? which? what? why?
τις
τις, τι
someone, something, a certain one, a certain thing (indef. pron.)
Interrogative Pronoun and Adjective - Masc. and Fem.
“Who”, “Which”, “What” “Why”
or
what x, what sort of x, etc.
Singular:
N. τίς
G. τίνος
D. τίνι
A. τίνα
Plural:
N. τίνες
G. τίνων
D. τίσι(ν)
A. τίνας
Interrogative Pronoun and Adjective - Neuter
“Who”, “Which”, “What” “Why”
or
what x, what sort of x, etc.
Singular:
N. τί
G. τίνος
D. τίνι
A. τί
Plural:
N. τίνα
G. τίνων
D. τίσι(ν)
A. τίνα
Interrogative Pronoun and Adjective Syntax
Uses a 3-1-3 declension pattern.
The accent is always acute on τί.
Usually substantive as a pronoun, less often it modifies a noun as an adjective.
It can be used as an indirect question, and matches the mood and tense of the original question.
Finally, the accusative singular neuter is also used adverbially meaning “Why?”.
The Relative Pronoun - Masculine
Someone, something, a certain one, a certain thing,
or
relative clause (which, etc.)
Singular:
N. ὅς
G. οὕ
D. ᾧ
A. ὅν
Plural:
N. οἵ
G. ὧν
D. οἷς
A. οὕς
The Relative Pronoun - Feminine
Someone, something, a certain one, a certain thing,
or
relative clause (which, etc.)
Singular:
N. ἥ
G. ἧς
D. ᾗ
A. ἥν
Plural:
N. αἵ
G. ὧν
D. αἷς
A. ἅς
The Relative Pronoun - Neuter
Someone, something, a certain one, a certain thing,
or
relative clause (which, etc.)
Singular:
N. ὅ
G. οὗ
D. ᾧ
A. ὅ
Plural:
N. ἅ
G. ὧν
D. αἷς
A. ἅ
Relative Pronoun Syntax
Declined according to the first and second declension
Agrees with the antecedent in number and gender, normally takes case as required by the clause.
Exception: when the antecedent is in the genitive or dative case and the relative pronoun would be in the accusative as the object, in such cases it takes the gender and number (and case) of the antecedent.
Sometimes the antecedent of a relative pronoun is sometimes omitted and a word must be supplied to complete the translation, like “he who” vs “who”.