CPRS 64: Pathology of Hypertension Flashcards
SBP: 120-139;
DBP: 80-89
What is this called?
Prehypertension
SBP: 140-159;
DBP: 90-99
What is this called?
Stage 1 Hypertension
SBP: >160;
DBP: >100
What is this called?
Stage 2 Hypertension
What is Adrenal Adenoma
Benign Epithelial Tumour of the Cortex of the Adrenal Glands
What type of necrosis will occur when there is increase blood flow and due to increase in renin and aldosterone
Fibrinoid Necrosis
What does Adrenal Cortex Secrete
Aldosterone
What does Adrenal Medulla Secrete
Adrenaline
What is the Tumour of Adrenal Medulla Called
Phaeochromocytoma
What will be the effect of Phaeochromocytoma
Too much secretion of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline
Increase in Blood Pressure to a very high extent
What problems will arise due to hypertension, on the heart?
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (Cell increase in size, but not in number)
Aorta pressure increases, so need pump harder
What problems will arise due to hypertension, on the brain?
Haemorrhage (escape of blood from ruptured vessel)
Death if the haemorrhage presses on areas involved in respiration and breathing
Infarction
What problems will arise due to hypertension, on the kidneys?
Slightly shrunken kidneys Benign Nephrosclerosis (Hardening of walls of arterioles)
Is primary or secondary hypertension more common?
Primary (95%) of cases
Adrenal Adenoma, Phaeochromocytoma- what types of hypertension are they
Secondary Hypertension
What problems will arise due to hypertension, on the vessels?
Atherosclerosis
Fibrinoid Necrosis
Hypertrophy
Aneurysm (Bulge in vessels due to vessel wall weakness)
Atheroma (Build up materials adhering to arteries)
