CPRS 13: pH and Acid-base Balance

Question 1

Name the Henderson Hasselbalch Equation with respect to calculation of pCO2

If CO2 is given in mmHg

If CO2 is given in pKa

Answer 1

pH = 6.1 + log {[HCO3-}/0.0306 [pCO2]}
If CO2 is given in mmHg

pH = 6.1 + log {[HCO3-}/0.23 [pCO2]}
If CO2 is given in pKa

*CO2 pKa = 6.1

Question 2

There are 3 buffers in human body: 
Chemical 
Respiratory
Kidneys
Arrange them in order for altering pH

Answer 2

Kidneys (Hours to days)
Respiratory (Minutes)
Chemical (Seconds)

Question 3

What is the approximate blood pH

How about the acceptable range

Answer 3

7. 4

7. 35-7.45

Question 4

What is the pKa for the following reaction

H2CO3 <=> H+ + HCO3-

Answer 4

6.1

Question 5

What is [H+] proportional of?

Answer 5

[pCO2]/[HCO3-]

Invert the fractionated part of the equation

Question 6

Chloride shift refers to the ______ion out of RBC and the _____ ion into the RBC

Answer 6

Chloride shift refers to the HCO3- ion out of RBC and the Cl- ion into the RBC

Question 7

When there is increased H+ level, what molecule can take up the excessive H+?

Answer 7

Hb

Question 8

Increase CO2 conc is referred as ______________

Name 1 compensation response

Answer 8

Respiratory acidosis

Slight increase HCO3-

Question 9

Decrease CO2 conc is referred as ____________

Name 1 compensation response

Answer 9

Respiratory alkalosis

Slight decrease in HCO3-

Question 10

Decrease HCO3- conc is referred as ________

Name 1 compensation response

Answer 10

Metabolic acidosis

Slight decrease in pCO2

Question 11

Increase HCO3- conc is referred as ________

Name 1 compensation response

Answer 11

Metabolic alkalosis

Slight increase in pCO2