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Neuroscience > Cortex Somatosensory > Flashcards

Cortex Somatosensory Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 6 layers of the cortex from outer to inner?

A
  • Molecular
  • External granular
  • External pyramidal
  • Internal granular
  • Internal pyramidal
  • Multiform
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2
Q

What types of fibers enter the external granular layer?

A

Long associative fibers

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3
Q

What types of fibers are found throughout the external granular layer?

A
  • Short associative fibers
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4
Q

What types of fibers exit the external pyramidal layer?

A

Long associative

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5
Q

What types of fibers are found within the external pyramidal layer?

A
  • Short associative

- Commissural

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6
Q

What types of fibers are found within the internal granular layer?

A
  • Corticalpetal (go everywhere)

- Thalamocortical radiations

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7
Q

What types are found in the internal pyramidal layer?

A

Corticofugal fibers from:

  • Striatum
  • Brainstem
  • Spinal cord
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8
Q

What layer has reciprocal connections to the thalamus?

A

Multiform

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9
Q

What gyrus makes up the Sensory cortex?

A

Postcentral gyrus

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10
Q

Is the sensory cortex hetero or homotypical?

A

Hetero

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11
Q

What are the 4 portions of the sensory cortex from anterior to posterior

A

3a, 3b, 1, 2

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12
Q

From what structure do 3a and 3b receive most of their projections?

A

Thalamus

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13
Q

What types of fibers does 3b receive? What sensory information do they carry?

A

Fast and slow adapting cutaneous receptors (texture, and size and shape of objects)

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14
Q

What types of fibers does 3a receive?

A

Proprioception

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15
Q

What areas do 3a and 3b project to?

A

Areas 1 and 2

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16
Q

What are the 5 largest areas of the sensory homunculus?

A
  • Lips
  • Tongue
  • Feet
  • Hand
  • Face
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17
Q

How are individual modalities of S1 arranged within the cortex?

A

In columns (one for fast adapting, one for slow adapting fibers)

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18
Q

What are the 2 pathways of S1?

A
  • What

- Where

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19
Q

Which pathway sends information to S2?

A

What

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20
Q

Which pathway works with the posterior parietal cortex?

A

Where

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21
Q

What structures does the What pathway connect with?

A
  • Insula
  • Parietal operculum
  • S2
22
Q

What areas make up the Where pathway?

A

5, 6, 7

23
Q

Which pathway can recognize objects with visual aid?

A

What

24
Q

Which pathway can determine where an object is in space?

A

Where

25
Q

What will a lesion to 3b cause?

A

Loss of discrimination of texture, shape, and size

26
Q

What will a lesion to 1 cause?

A

Inability to assess texture

27
Q

What will a lesion to 2 cause?

A

Inability to assess shape and size

28
Q

Why are pain, temperature, and crude touch not affected by a lesion to S1?

A

The LSTT negates the loss

29
Q

How does S2 connect with S1?

A

Via the Treanscallosal Connection

30
Q

What are the 5 functions of S2?

A
  • Bimanual coordination
  • Rapid transfer of acquired tactile skills
  • Texture and shape discrimination
  • Acute pain
  • Localizes
31
Q

What 2 effects will a lesion of S2 cause?

A
  • Severe impairment of discernment of shape and texture

- Inability to learn tactile discrimination based on shape

32
Q

Is the associative somatosensory cortex homotypical or heterotypical?

A

Homotypical (most common)

33
Q

What complex plays a large role in the Associative cortex?

A

Posterior parietal complex

34
Q

What 3 functions does the posterior parietal complex perform?

A
  • Perception and intrepretation of spatial relationships
  • Accurate body image
  • Learning tasks related to coordination of bod yin psace
35
Q

What function does Area 5 perform in the Associative cortex?

A

Integrates tractile info from mechanoreceptors in skin and prorioception from muscles and joints

36
Q

What sensory information does area 7 of the associative cortex integrate?

A
  • Vision
  • Tactile information
  • Propriocpetive information

Aligns body coordinate system with the environment

37
Q

What 5 strange disorders result from lesions to the Associative cortex?

A
  • Tactile agnosia
  • Astereognosia
  • Amorphognosia
  • Ahylognosia
  • Neglect syndrome
38
Q

What is tactile agnosia?

A
  • Can’t recognize objects, but can describe them through touch
39
Q

What is astereognosia?

A

Can’t recognize object through feel

40
Q

What is amorphognosia?

A

Can’t recognize object through form

41
Q

What is ahylognosia?

A

Can’t feel: weight, texture, or density

42
Q

What is neglect syndrome?

A
  • Ignore portion of body or world
43
Q

Is the motor cortex granular or agranular?

A

Agranular

44
Q

Is the motor cortex heterotypical or homotypical?

A

Heterotypical

45
Q

What functions does the insula perform?

A
  • Determines quality and intensity of stimulus
  • Affective aspects of pain
  • Deals with homeostasis
46
Q

What is the function of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex?

A
  • Generates/ controls emotions

- Unsettling/ unpleasant pain activate

47
Q

What 2 structures make up the parabrachial nucleus?

A
  • Amygdala

- Hypothalamus

48
Q

Where is the allocortex found?

A

Deep temporal lobe

49
Q

How many layers is the allocortex?

A

3

50
Q

What are the 3 layers of the allocortex?

A
  • Molecular
  • Pyramidal/ granule
  • Polymorphic
51
Q

What 4 structures make up the allocortex?

A
  • Subthalamus
  • Hippocampus
  • Dentate gyrus
  • Parahypocampal gyrus

Neuroscience (33 decks)

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