Audition Flashcards
What layer is thick in A1?
Granular layer
What area makes up A1?
41
Where is A1 found?
Inside the lateral sulcus
What will a lesion to A1 cause?
Loss of ability to localize sound of specific frequency that was lesioned
What streams travel along the dorsal pathway of A1?
- Where
- How
What is the function of the dorsal pathway of A1?
Localizes sound sources and references them for movement
What stream travels along the ventral pathway of A1?
What stream
What is the function of the ventral stream?
Linguistic functions
Where is the ventral stream found?
- Uncinate fasciculus
- Arcuate fasciculus
- Temporal and frontal lobe
What are the 2 language centers?
- Broca’s
- Wernicke’s
What areas make up Broca’s area?
44 and 45
What areas make up Wernicke’s area?
22
What is the function of Broca’s area?
Compiles final imprint to be expressed as speech
Where does Broca’s area send its “final imprint”?
To the motor cortex
What is the function of Wernicke’s area?
Comprehends written/ verbal language
Which lobe tends to be dominant for language centers?
The left
What structure connects the 2 language centers?
Arcuate fasciculus
Which language center cannot function without input from the other?
Broca’s
What is the pathway for repeating a spoken word according to the Wernicke - Geschwind model?
Auditory complex –> Wernicke –> Associative/ Broca –> Motor
What is the pathway for repeating a written word according to the Wernicke- Geschwind model?
Primary visual –> Angular –> Wernicke –> Broca –> Motor
What is aphasia?
Loss of language abilities (cognitive and motor control often still present)
What is anomia?
Can’t find the right word
What is alexia?
Inability to read
What is agraphia?
Can’t write
What is dysarthria?
Can’t use muscles of speech
What is destroyed in Pure Word Deafness?
- A1 bilaterally
What is Wernicke’s area disconnected from in Pure Word Deafness?
- Auditory input
How can the individual still hear with destruction of A1?
Through thalamus and subcortical centers (amygdala
Which language center is affected in Motor Aphasia?
Broca’s
Which language center is affected in Sensory Aphasia?
Wernicke’s
In which aphasia can the individual understand speech, but can’t produce it?
Broca’s
Which aphasia produces a flat melodic intonation?
Broca’s
Which aphasia produces neoligistic jargon?
Wernicke’s
Which aphasia produces short senteces with pauses?
Broca’s
Which aphasia produces perfect speech does not make any sense/
Wernicke’s
Which aphasia produces fluent speech with substitutions that are phonetically similar?
Conduction aphasia
Which aphasia produces impaired sequencing?
Conduction aphasia
What is lesioned in Alexia without Agraphia?
Splenium of corpus callosum
- Left occipital lobe
What other symptom accompanies alexia without agraphia?
Visual field loss on right side
What is lesioned in Agraphia?
- Parietal lobe
What language area does the parietal lobe communicate with to form graphemes (coordinates of written language)?
Wernicke’s
What is lesioned in Alexia with Agraphia?
- Angular cortex
What is performed by the precentral gyrus of the insula?
Articulatory planning
What is the function of the middle temporal gyrus and fibers?
Semantics
What is the function of Anterior Area 22?
Comprehension of complex grammer
