Control CS1 brain death

Question 1

What is a scale used in A&E to determine consciousness?

Answer 1

The Glasgow coma scale

Question 2

Damage to which brain area can cause locked in syndrome?

Answer 2

The ventral pons

Question 3

What is the most common cause of locked in syndrome?

Answer 3

Basilar territory/brainstem stroke

Question 4

What is the prognosis for locked in syndrome?

Answer 4

No cure - recovery is rare

Question 5

What are 3 persistent disorders of consciousness?

Answer 5

Coma
Permanent vegetive state
Minimally conscious state

Question 6

Damage to what part of the brain usually causes a patient to enter a permanent vegetative state?

Answer 6

Destruction of cortex or hemispheres

Question 7

What is the gold standard assessment for diagnosing persistent disorders of consciousness?

Answer 7

The sensory modality assessment and rehabilitation techniques aka SMART

Question 8

When is someone classes as having brain stem death?

Answer 8

Unable to breath independently (I.e. apnoeic)
Unconscious with absent brain stem reflexes
Evidence of irreversible destroyed reticular formation (brain stem)
No electrical activity
No clinical evidence of brain function
Have a diagnosis compatible with brain stem death