Conformity: SOCIAL INFLUENCE

Question 1

What is social influence

Answer 1

the process by which individuals and groups change each others attitudes and behaviors

Question 2

Conformity

Answer 2

a change in a persons behaviour or opinions as a result of real or imagined pressures from a person or group

Question 3

3 types of conformity

Answer 3

Compliance

Identification

Internalisation

Question 4

Main points of Compliance

Answer 4

With the behaviours they:

Superficial

-expressed publicly

-doesn’t express privately

Question 5

Main points of identification

Answer 5

With the behaviours they:

-Value group

-expressed publicly

-doesn’t express privately

Question 6

Main points of internalisation

Answer 6

With the behaviours they:

-Internalise

–show publicly

-show privately

Question 7

What is Normative social influence

Answer 7

Explanation for conformity, suggests we agree with opinions of the majority as we want to gain social approval and be liked

Question 8

What Type of conformity does Normative social influence fall under

Answer 8

Compliance

Question 9

what is Informational social Influence

Answer 9

an explanation for conformity that suggests we agree with the opinions of the majority as we believe it is correct.

Question 10

what type of conformity does Informational S.I fall under?

Answer 10

Internalisation

Question 11

Aim of Asch (1951) research into conformity

Answer 11

To study whether a participant would conform in a situation where the majority where clearly wrong

Question 12

SAMPLE +
Procedure of Asch (1951) research into conformity

Answer 12

-Total of 123 p.p in study
-naive p.p = real p.p
-confederate= researcher / actor
-naive p.p placed 6th in a group of 7

-p.p shown line cards with with different variations each time
-Once they’d seen the cards, p.ps had to say aloud which comparison line matched the x line
-Conefeds answered incorrectly

Question 13

Findings of Asch (1951) research into conformity

Answer 13

-Naive p.p agreed with confederates 36.8% of the time

-25% of p.p never gave wrong answer

Question 14

What did Asch do 1955

Answer 14

extended his baseline experiment, studying different variables which may increase or decrease conformity

Question 15

what are the 3 different variables which may increase or decrease conformity that Asch studied

Answer 15

-Group size
-Unanimity
-task difficulty

Question 16

How did Asch test the effects of group size on conformity
What did he find

Answer 16

-varied number of confederates 1-15

-found curve linear relationship group size and conformity
-‘conformity increased with group size until around 3 confederates when it plateaud
-1to3 is enough to sway pp

Question 17

How did Asch test the effects of unanimity on conformity
What did he find

Answer 17

• added a non-conforming confederate to the group who sometimes gave the correct answer, sometimes gave the wrong answer
  -Ash found that conformity of the naive participant decreased in the presence of the non-conforming Confederate

Question 18

How did Asch test the effects of task difficulty conformity
What did he find

Answer 18

Found that as the difficulty of the task increases as the task becomes more ambiguous causing a real participants to look to the Confederates for the right answer
. :conformity increases

Question 19

WHO STUDIED CONFORMITY INTO SOCIAL ROLES

Answer 19

Zimbardo

Question 20

who was zimbardos sample

Answer 20

75 male students . Emotional stability test took . Top 21 succeeded

Question 21

procedure of Zimbardos research - role allocation

Answer 21

Randomly assigned to prisoner or guard

-Role allocation, Prison guard given uniform

Prisoners arrested by local police, treated as real prisoners e.g: strip searched and taken to mock prison
prisoner given loose smock, hat covering hair, identified as a number.

Question 22

procedure of Zimbardos research - guards asserting authority

Answer 22

• 16 rules they had to follow
• woken at 2.30 am to do counts
  -Push ups
  -insults
  -petty orders

Question 23

Findings: what issues did Zimbardo’s prison experiment face

Answer 23

-36 hrs into study, prisoner #8612 suffered emotionally and was released
-Day 2 = Rebellion, prisoners removed hats and numbers. barricaded doors. punished by removing beds
-Day 6 = study terminated due to emotional breakdown of prisoners and excessive aggression of the guards.

Question 24

what is Deindividuation

Answer 24

The state when you become immersed in the norms of the group and lose your sense of identity personal responsibility

(can be used to explain behaviour of participants in zimbardos study)

Question 25

Conclusions of Zimbardos prison experiment

Answer 25

social roles appear to have a strong influence on peoples behaviour