Component 1: Soc 2 Flashcards
Define cardiovascular fitness
The ability to exercise your whole body for long periods of time. CVF is the efficiency of the CV system - the heart, lungs, blood and blood vessels - in getting O2 to the muscles. You need to have a strong heart and clear blood vessels to enable your body to transport O2 to your muscles.
Define muscular strength
The amount of force a muscle can exert against a resistance. MS is the fitness that allows you to lift heavy weights but it also vital in any sport that involves you to exert a great force.
Define muscular endurance.
The ability to use voluntary muscles repeatedly without getting tired. It enables you to exercise your muscles for long periods of time.
Define flexibility
The range of motion of your joints.
Define Body composition.
The percentage of body weight that is muscle, fat or bone. Fat percentage varies from person to person, keeping a healthy percentage is important as it can help protect you from disease such as diabetes. It’s also important as fat puts added strain on your muscles, bones and joints making you prone to injury. Some aspects of BC such as height are genetic but BC can still be altered by exercise and diet.
Give an example of where cardiovascular fitness is required for an athlete.
This is the fitness that sports people need to play long, hard matches in sports such as football and tennis. But it is most required in marathon runners to enable them to keep running for long periods of time at a good pace.
Give an example of where Muscular Strength is required for an athlete.
MS is obviously important in activities such as weightlifting where competitors have to make one massive effort. MS is also required in games like rugby where two packs push against each other in the scrum.
Give an example of where Muscular Endurance is required for an athlete.
ME is needed for many sports including middle distance running and swimming. ME is often associated with games such as tennis which are played over a long period of time where muscles need to work hard throughout
Give an example of where Flexibility is required for an athlete.
Flexibility is obviously important in some sports where you need to perform particular skills such as gymnastics or diving. Flexibility is also important other sports such as badminton and hockey where you need to be able to stretch or reach to a shuttlecock or ball. If you are flexible you are less likely to get injured.
Give an example of where Body Composition is required for an athlete.
Different sports require different body types e.g. heavy rugby players are more effective in the scrum. Formula 1 drivers would ideally be lighter to reduce the amount of weight in the car, increasing speed.
What is BMI? How do you calculate it?
Body Mass Index is a way of calculating how healthy your weight is in comparison to your height. You take your weight in Kg and divide it by your height in m squared. (75/1.77^2=23.9)
What are the 5 components of health-related fitness?
- Cardiovscular fitness
- Muscular strength
- Muscular endurance
- Flexibility
- Body Composition
