chemistry solutions quiz Flashcards
solution
homogeneous mixture with 2 or more substance with solute uniformly distributed
characteristics of solution
-homogeneous
-stable
-can exist in various phases
concentration
amount of solute present in a given solute/solvent
units of concentration
-molarity: mole of solute per liter
-percent by mass or volume: mass/volume of solute divided by total mass/volume of solution
-parts per million: milligrams of solute per liter
disassociation
where ionic compounds separate into into individual ions in water.
hydration
-water molecules surround and stabilize the ions
-partial positive charge of hydrogens in water attracts anions
-partial negative charge of oxygen in water attracts cations
writing disassociation equations steps
-write ionic compound
-identify the ions produced
-include state symbols
miscibility
ability of 2 liquids to mix and form a homogeneous mixture
miscible
mix in all proportions
immicible
do not mix
factors affecting miscibility
-polarity: solutes dissolve in solvents with similar polarity
-intermolecular forces: hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole, london)
surfactants
compounds that reduce surface tensions between 2 substances such as oil
hydophilic head
water loviing polar interacts with water
hydrophictail
water fearing acts with oils and greese
how surfactants work
-surfactants align at the interphase of water and oil
-hydrophobic tails
-miscellas form, trapping oil particles, dispersing them from water
