Chapter 9 part 3 Flashcards
Define angina
Chest pain from partial obstruction of arteries
Define CHD
Blockage of arteries to heart
Define atherosclerosis
Fatty substance build up in vessels causing obstruction
Define myocardial infection
death of heart tissue when specific artery becomes completely clogged with plaque
What is a type A behaviour pattern
cluster of behaviours including excessive competitiveness, time pressured impatience, accelerated speech, anger; thought to promote high risk of heart disease
What is a type B behaviour pattern
cluster of behaviours including relaxed attitude, indifference to time pressure, less forceful ambition; thought to cause low risk of heart disease
is it easy to clearly distinguish between Type A and B behaviour patterns?
No
Define pain
Subjective experience of discomfort
Define Pain behaviours
Overt manifestations from experiencing pain
Define suffering
Emotional component of pain
Does severity of pain predict reaction to it?
NO
What are two psychological factors that predict reaction to pain
- Sense of control over the situation
2. Presence of anxiety/ depression
How can fear of pain lead to chronic pain?
People go down path where they avoid activities that could cause pain, leading to long-term worsening of chronic pain
Define pain catastrophizing
An exaggerated negative response during actual or anticipated painful experience
Define Pain Disability Prevention
Cognitive behaviour program designed to increase goal-directed activity and minimize psychological barriers after an occupational injury - high success rate
How is phantom limb pain caused?
Caused by changes in the sensory cortex
What are social factors that can aggravate chronic pain
Families with excessive sympathy,
Lack of strong social network
Define the Gate Control Theory
Gates exist in the spinal cord that transmit a stimulus of pain only if it meets a sufficient threshold of pain. In stressed people, the threshold for pain is lower, so they experience higher intensity of pain
Define endogenous opioids
Also known as endorphins, they are neurotransmitters used by the brain to shut down pain.
What is the connection between Endogenous opioids/ endorphins and self-efficacy?
Endogenous opioids/ endorphins are increased in people with increased self-efficacy
