Chapter 9: Genetic and Genomic Considerations Flashcards
1
Q
Genetics
A
the examination of passing genetic traits from one generation to another through human genes
2
Q
genome
A
- all of a persons genes
- study of the genome, how the genes interact with each other, and the environment
- often involve investigating diseases
3
Q
pharmacogenomics
A
the study of how genes affect a persons response to drugs
4
Q
purpose of pharmacogenomics
A
- combines genomics and pharmacology to provide individual, targeted drug therapies
- potential to reduce adverse drug reactions
- guides drug treatment
5
Q
biomarkers
A
- used to diagnose disease and determine reactions to drug treatment
- a measurable substance that, when present in an organism, indicates the presence of a specific phenomenon
6
Q
what is the most common mechanism to modify drug responses
A
altered metabolism
7
Q
drugs with high therapeutic index (TI)
A
may have little effect on clinical outcome
8
Q
drugs that have a narrow therapeutic index
A
may lead to toxicity or drug failure
9
Q
barriers to pharmacogenomic application
A
- lack of education
- financial cost for testing
- implications and ethics
- guidelines
10
Q
ethical and legal considerations
A
- Genetic non-discrimination act
- client is the owner of his/her data
- consent
- genetic counsellors
- want to prevent genetic stigmatization or discrimination
11
Q
Genetic Non-Discrimination Act
A
makes it a criminal offence for a service provider or anyone entering into a contract with a person to require someone to take a genetic test
