Chapter 49: Vasodilators Flashcards
1
Q
hat are the therapeutic uses of vasodilators
A
- essential hypertension
- hypertensive crisis
- angina pectoris
- heart failure
- myocardial infraction
- pheochromocytoma
- peripheral vascular disease
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- production of controlled hypotension during surgery
2
Q
adverse affects of vasodilators
A
- postural hypotension
- reflex tachycardia
- expansion of blood volume
3
Q
patients taking vasodilators are at increased risk of
A
FALLS
4
Q
Hydralazine [apresoline] therapeutic uses
A
- essential hypertension
- hypertensive crisis
- heart failure
5
Q
Hydralazine [Apresoline] effects
A
- reflex tachycardia
- increased blood volume
- systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome
- headache, dizziness, weakness, and fatigue
6
Q
hydralazine [Apresoline] MOA
A
- selective dialation of arterioles; little or no effect on veins
7
Q
Minoxidil MOA
A
selective dilation of arterioles
- more intense than hydralazine; but more adverse reactions
8
Q
Minoxidil is used for
A
severe hypertension that is unresponsive to safer drugs
9
Q
Minoxidil adverse effects
A
- reflex tachycardia
- sodium and water retention
- hypertrichosis
- pericardial effusion
10
Q
Sodium Nitroprusside [Nitropress] MOA
A
- fast acting antihypertensive agent
- causes venous and arteriolar dilation
11
Q
Sodium Nitroprusside [Nitropress] onset
A
immediate (BP returns to pretreatment level in minutes when stopped)
12
Q
Sodium Nitroprusside [Nitropress] is used for
A
hypertensive emergencies
13
Q
Sodium Nitroprusside [Nitropress] adverse effects
A
- excessive hypotension
- thiocyanate toxicity
