Chapter 5: Pharmacodynamics

Question 1

pharmacodynamics

Answer 1

study of what drugs do to the body and how they do it

Question 2

Dose response relationships

Answer 2

• relationship between the size of an admonistered dose and the intensity of the response produced

Question 3

what 3 things does dose response relationship determine

Answer 3

• minimum amount of drug to be used
• maximum response a drug can elicit
• how much to increase the dosage to produce the desired increase in response

Question 4

as dose increases, response becomes

Answer 4

larger

Question 5

how is dose response relationship used for treatment

Answer 5

• increased or decreasing the dosage until the desired intensity is achieved
  *some drugs increasing dosage does not increase therapeutic effect, the response is more adverse side effects

Question 6

maximal efficacy

Answer 6

• largest effect that a drug can produce (height of the curve)

Question 7

relative potency

Answer 7

• the amount of drug that must be given to elicit an effect
• refers to dosage needed to produce effects

Question 8

two characteristic properties of drugs revealed in dose-response corves

Answer 8

• maximal efficacy
• relative potency

Question 9

drugs

Answer 9

chemical that produce effects by interacting with other chemical

Question 10

receptors

Answer 10

• special chemical in the body that most drugs interact with to produce effects

Question 11

receptor activity is regulated by

Answer 11

endogenous compounds

Question 12

the more selective a drug is

Answer 12

the fewer side effects it will produce

Question 13

receptors operate ina _______ mechanism

Answer 13

lock and key

Question 14

what does the body have recpetors for

Answer 14

• neurotransmitters
• hormones
• all other molecules in the body used to regulate physiologic processes

Question 15

affinity

Answer 15

drugs attraction to a receptor

Question 16

high affinity =

Answer 16

high potency

Question 17

intrinsic activity

Answer 17

the ability of a drug to activate receptor after binding
- intensity of response to a drug

Question 18

agonists

Answer 18

activate receptors

Question 19

Antagonists

Answer 19

produce their effects by preventing receptor acitivation by endogenous regulatory molecules and drugs
- block activation

Question 20

partial agonists

Answer 20

act as agmosists and antagonists and only have a partial effect
- very few drugs

Question 21

3examples of drugs that that act without a receptor

Answer 21

• antacids
• antiseptics
• magnesium sulfate

Question 22

interpatient Variability

Answer 22

responses can vary amoungst patients