Chapter 22: Indirect Acting Antiadrenergic Agents

Question 1

Indrirect acting antiadrenergic agents purpose

Answer 1

prevent stimualtion of peripheral adrenergic receptors

Question 2

what are the 2 groups of antiadrenergic agents

Answer 2

• adrenergic neuron-blocking agents
• centrally acting alpha2 agonists

Question 3

Adrenergic neuron blocking agents

Answer 3

• decrease norepinephrine (NE) release

Question 4

centrally acting alpha2 agonists

Answer 4

• reduce impulses along the sympathetic nerves

Question 5

Centrally acting alpha2 agonists are used primarily for

Answer 5

hypertension

Question 6

examples of centrally acting Alpha2 agonists

Answer 6

• clonidine (catapres)
• guanfacine
• methyldopa

Question 7

Clonidine effects

Answer 7

• reduces sympathetic outflow into blood vessels and heart (anithypertensive)
• bradycaria
• decreased cardiac output
• minimal orthostatic hypotension

Question 8

Therapeutic uses of clonidine

Answer 8

• hypertension
• severe pain
• management of ADHD

Question 9

adverse effects of clonidine

Answer 9

• drowsiness (35% of patients)
• xerostomia (40% of patients)
• rebound hypertension
• constipation, impotence, gynecomastia, and CNS effects

Question 10

How is methyldopa converted to an alpha2 agonist

Answer 10

taken up into the brainstem and converted into alpha2 agonist

Question 11

methyldopa pharmacologic effects

Answer 11

• vasodialation
• lowers blood pressure in supine and standing subjects

Question 12

methyldopa therapeutic uses

Answer 12

• hypertension

Question 13

methyldopa was designed to be

Answer 13

the preffered drug for the management of hypertension during pregnancy

Question 14

methyldopa adverse effects

Answer 14

• positive coombs test and hemolytic anemia
• hepatotoxicity (hepatitis, jaundice)
• xerostomia, sexual dysfunction, orthostatic hypotension , and CNS effects