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Anatomy And Physiology > Chapter 8: Articulations > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Articulations Flashcards

1
Q

What joint classification has the most mobility?

A

Diarthrosis

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2
Q

What are the 3 main joints based on movement?

A

Synarthrosis (no movement) eg. Head, amphiarthrosis (small movements) eg, vertebrae and diarthrosis (free movement) eg. Knee

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3
Q

What are the main functions of fibrous joints?

A

No movement, mostly stability

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4
Q

What are the main structural classifications of fibrous joints?

A

Sutures, gomphosis and syndesmosis

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5
Q

Describe suture

A

Only in head, very stable and for protection

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6
Q

Describe gomphosis?

A

Found in mouth/teeth, has periodontal ligament and links tooth firmly to jawbone

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7
Q

Describe syndesmosis.

A

Found between radius and ulna, fibula and tibia and joined by interoseseous membrane

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8
Q

What are the types of cartilage joints?

A

Synchondroses and symphyses

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9
Q

Describe epiphyseal plate

A

Weakest point of developing bone where the bone hasn’t ossified yet so there can be growth. Found in hyaline cartilage

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10
Q

Describe intervertebral joints?.

A

Found between adjacent vertebral bodies of spinal column

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11
Q

Describe pubic symphysis

A

Found between pubic bones of pelvic girdle

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12
Q

Why is there articular cartilage at the end of long bones?

A

Reduction of friction and prevents them from rubbing together when you use your joints

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13
Q

What do ligaments connect?

A

Bone to bone

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14
Q

What is abduction?

A

Movement of the body away from the midline eg. Fingers spread apart

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15
Q

What is adduction?

A

Movement of body part towards midline of the body eg fingers pressed together

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16
Q

Shaking your head no is what type of joint movement?

A

Rotational

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17
Q

What are the functional types of synovial joints?

A

Nonaxial, uniaxial, biaxial and multiaxial

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18
Q

What do the axial joints for synovial joints mean?

A

Allows motion around a certain number of axes

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19
Q

What are some types of angular movement

A

Flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction, adduction, circumduction and rotation

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20
Q

Flexion

A

Decreases 180° angle by bringing parts closer to eachother

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21
Q

Extension

A

Increases angle between bones

22
Q

Hyperextension

A

Extension beyond anatomical position of joints (more than 180°) only in hips and shoulder

23
Q

Circumduction

A

Circular rotation of hip and shoulder. Only unpaired angular movement combination of flexion and extension and abduction and adduction movements

24
Q

Rotation

A

Nonangular movement eg. Shaking head no

25
Q

What are some special movements?

A

Opposition, reposition, depression, elevation, protraction, retraction, inversion, eversion,, dorsiflexion, planarflexion, supination and pronation

26
Q

Opposition of thumb

A

Allows thumb to move across palm

27
Q

Reposition of thumb

A

Returns thumb to anatomical position

28
Q

Depression

A

Moves part of body in inferior direction

29
Q

Elevation

A

Moves part of body in superior direction

30
Q

Protraction

A

Moves part of body in anterior direction

31
Q

Retraction

A

Move body in posterior direction

32
Q

Inversion

A

Rotation in medial direction

33
Q

Eversion

A

Rotation in lateral direction

34
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Angle between foot and leg decreases

35
Q

Planar flexion

A

Angle between foot and ley increases

36
Q

Supination and pronation

A

Rotational movements of wrist and ankle

37
Q

What are the body parts that only flex?

A

The elbow and knee

38
Q

What part of the knee stabilizes and holds it in place?

A

Lateral meniscus

39
Q

What is the gleno humoral joint also called?

A

Shoulder joint (glenoidcavity) and humerus

40
Q

What is symphysis used for?

A

Protection and shock absorption

41
Q

What does the bursa make?

A

Synovial fluid

42
Q

What parts of the body can only flex?

A

The elbow and knee

43
Q

What parts of the body can hyperextend?

A

The hip and the shoulder

44
Q

What does the lateral meniscus do?

A

Stabilizes the knee and holds it in place

45
Q

What does the glenoid cavity and the humerus make?

A

The glenohumeral joint

46
Q

What’s the difference between partial and total hip replacement?

A

Total replacement removes and replaces the head of the femur, and the acetabulum gets reconstructed, while in partial reconstruction only the head of the femur is replaced

47
Q

What joint gets squished when you sleep?

A

Symphisis

48
Q

What type of joint is the only one with a joint cavity?

A

Synovial joint

49
Q

What makes synovial fluid?

A

Synovial membrane and bursa

50
Q

What are the differences between synovial, cartilaginous and fibrous joints?

A

Movement ability, synovial has joint cavity, functions places found

51
Q

How is circumduction movement?

A

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Anatomy And Physiology (22 decks)

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