Chapter 7: 7.1 - 7.3: The Skeletal System Flashcards
What are the parts of the axial skeleton?
Skull, vertebral column and thoracic bones
Describe skull
22 bones, 8 cranial and 14 facial
Describe the vertebral column?
33 bones; 24 individual vertebra that protect the spinal cord
Describe the thoracic / rib cage
12 pairs of ribs, sternum and part of the vertebral column
What body parts are NOT considered axial?
Girdles
What parts of the body are appenclicular?
Pectoral girdle, upper limb, pelvic girdle, lower limb
What is pectoral girdle comprised of?
Scapula and girdle
What are the parts of the upper limb?
It has 3 parts: arm ( humerus) forearm (radius and ulna ) and wrist and hand (carpals, metacarpals and phalanges)
What are the parts of the pelvic girdle?
Two pelvic bones and sacrum, called the pelvis altogether
What are the parts of lower limb called?
Thigh (femur) leg ( tibia and fibula) and ankle and foot (tarsals, meta tarsals and phalanges)
What are the cranial bones?
PEST OF 6 - parietal, ethmoid. Sphenoid, temporal, occipital and frontal
What are the single cranial bones?
Frontal, occipital, ethmoid and sphenoid
What are the 2 paired cranial bones?
Temporal and parietal bones
Where do parietal bones meet?
At the sagittal suture
What are the facial bones?
Maxillary, zygomatic, nasal, lacrimal, palatine, inferior nasal conchal, mandible and vomer - Virgil is now making my Pet zebra laugh
What are the paired facial bones?
Maxillary, zygomatic, nasal, lacrimal ‘, palatine and inferior nasal conchal bones
What are the single facial bones?
Mandible and vomer
What’s the only bone that isn’t fused at a suture?
Mandible
Difference between fontanels and sutures?
Fontanels are membranous (soft) areas between fetal cranial bones present until 18 to 24 months while sutures are immovable joints in the skull
What is the hole that the spinal cord goes through in the skull called?
Foramen magnum
What bone doesn’t articulate with any skull bones but is still considered one because of proximity?
Hyoid bone
What are the parts of the vertebrae?
Coffee at 7 tea at 12 and lemonade at 5 - 7 cervical, 12 thoracic and 5 lumbar
What are the fused parts of vertebrae?
5 fused sacral/ sacrum by 30
3-5 fused coccygeal / coccyx
What is the Altas?
The first cervical bone, large and tear drop-shaped hole, lacks vertebral body and spinous process
What’s the axis?
Second cervical vertebrae, supports the odontoid process
Facet
Shallow concave surface where 2 bones connect
Fossa
indentation in a bone which another structure fits
fovea
shallow pit
what is the foramen magnum?
the hole in the occipital bone that the spinal cord travels through
what is behind the maxilla?
the sinuses
What does the aveolar process of the maxilla do?
Holds the teeth in place behind the gums
What bones contribute to the formation of the orbits?
The frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid bones
Where is the temporal bone, where mastoidis can affect?
The ear
What bone do you get sense of smell from?
The ethmoid bone
What are the differences between the female and male skulls?
males is sloped, females is straight, mastoid process of males is larger and more prominent
What does cervical curvature do?
Lets you hold your head up
What are the primary curvatures?
Thoracic and sacral
What are the secondary curvatures?
cervical and lumbar
How many intervertebral discs are there?
23
What are the kinds of ribs?
True, false and floating
True rib
First 7 that attach to the sternum
False rib
Ribs 8 to 12 that aren’t directly attached to the sternum
Floating ribs
last 2 not attached to the sternum
What is found in between vertebrae?
Figrocartilage
What is the function of appendicular Skelton?
Movement
Where’s the aveloli?
Right below and above the teeth, surface feature
What bones house the teeth?
Maxilla and mandible
Where’s the mastoid process?
Right behind the ear
What’s the hole in the occipital bone that the spinal cord travels through called?
Foramen magnum
When should sutures osssify?
18 to 24 months
What bones form the orbit?
Frontal, sphenoid and ethmoid
What is craniostenosis?
Premature fusion of skull bones
To prove strangulation , what bone must be broken?
Hyoid
What’s the only vertebrae with transverse process?
Atlas
What’s the site for muscle attachment?
Spinous process
What’s another word for false ribs?
Vertebralchondral
Another name for true ribs?
Vertebralsternal
What’s the order of the arm?
Humerus, ulna, radius, metacarpals, carpals and phalanges
What’s a synonym for humerus?
Brachium
Why is there 14 phalanges?
3 in each and 2 in thumb
What bones fuse during childbirth?
Ilium, ishium and pubis
