Chapter 2: 2.1 - 2.3 : Chemistry Of Life Flashcards
What are the subatomic particles?
Protons neutrons and electrons
Describe protons
They are in the central core of the atom (atomic nucleus) and are positively changed
Describe neutrons
They are in the atomic nucleus, slightly larger than protons and have no change
Describe electrons.
They are outside the atomic nucleus and are negatively charged
How may electrons are in the first 3 shells?
The first shell has 2, the 2nd has 8 and 3rd has 18 and is “satisfied” with 8
What is atomic number?
The number of protons in atomic nucleus, it is the number on top
What is mass number?
Mass number is the sum of the protons and neutrons in atomic nucleus
What is the isotope?
Isotope are atoms with same atomic number (number of protons) but different mass number (number of neutrons)
How do you know when an atom is inert?
This is when it satisfies the octet or duet rule
What is the difference between exergenic and endergonic reactions?
Endergonic reactions require input of energy from another source in which products contain more energy than reactants eg.photosynthesis and exergonic reactions release excess energy when products have less energy than reactants eg. Cellular respiration
What are 4 major elements of the human body?
Hydrogen, oxygen carbon and nitrogen
What are radioisotopes?
Unstable isotopes with high radiation or energy released by radio active decay, allowing isotope to assume more stable form
Difference between suspension, colloid and mixture
Suspension has large and unevenly distributed particles that separate when settled, colloid has small evenly distributed particles that won’t settle out and solution has same with solute and solvent
Difference between molecule and compound
Molecule is 2 or more atoms combine and compound is 2 or more elements combined
