chapter 8

Question 1

physical needs

Answer 1

oxygen, water, food, elimination, protection, shelter, activity, sleep/rest, comfort/especially freedom from pain

Question 2

psychosocial needs

Answer 2

involve social interaction, emotions (love and affection), intellect, acceptance by others, safety and security, self reliance and independence in daily living, and spirituality

Question 3

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Answer 3

physical needs - safety and security needs - need for love - need for self esteem - need for self actualization

Question 4

holistic care

Answer 4

caring for the whole person - the mind as well as the body , takes into account a person’s physical, psychosocial, social, and spiritual needs

Question 5

sexual orientation

Answer 5

person’s physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction to another person

Question 6

gender identity

Answer 6

a deeply felt sense of one’s gender

Question 7

bisexual, bi

Answer 7

person whose physical, emotional/romantic attraction may be for ppl of same gender or diff gender

Question 8

cisgender

Answer 8

gender identity matches birth sex (sex assigned at birth due to anatomy)

Question 9

coming out

Answer 9

a continual process of revealing one’s sexual orientation or gender identity to others

Question 10

cross-dresser

Answer 10

typically refers to a heterosexual man who sometimes wears clothing and other items associated with women; it is not associated with men who permanently wishes to change their sex

Question 11

gay

Answer 11

person whose physical, emotional/romantic attraction is for ppl of the same sex

Question 12

heterosexual

Answer 12

person whose physical, emotional,/romantic attraction is for ppl of the opposite sex; aka straight

Question 13

lesbian

Answer 13

woman whose physical, emotional, romantic attraction is for other women

Question 14

LGBT

Answer 14

acronym for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender

Question 15

LGBTQ

Answer 15

lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer

Question 16

queer

Answer 16

term used by some ppl who feel terms such as lesbian and gay are too limiting, to describe sexual orientation that is not exclusively heterosexual, once considered derogatory, so not used by everyone within LGBT community

Question 17

transgender

Answer 17

gender identity conflicts with birth sex, trans identity is not dependent on someone having undergone medical measures like hormones or surgery

Question 18

transition

Answer 18

process of changing genders, which can include legal procedures, such as changing name/sex on documents, and med measures such as hormone therapy/surgery, can also include telling others and using new pronouns

Question 19

spiritual

Answer 19

relating to spirit or soul

Question 20

Buddhism

Answer 20

emphasizes meditation and believing that nirvana is the highest spiritual place a person can reach

Question 21

christianity

Answer 21

believe jesus christ was son of god and that he died so their sins would be forgiven, bible is scared test and divided into old and new testaments, being baptized and receiving communion may be part of this religion

Question 22

hinduism

Answer 22

dominant faith of india, believes in karma — believes there are 4 purposes of life, acting morally/ethically (dharma), pursuing prosperity (artha), enjoying life (kama), and accomplishing enlightenment (moksha), almost always do not eat beef

Question 23

islam

Answer 23

muslims or followers of mohammed believe that allah wants ppl to follow teachers of the prophet mohammed, pray 5x a day at mecca (holy city), and worshipping at mosques, fast during month (ramadan), do not drink or eat pork, qur’an is holy text

Question 24

judaism

Answer 24

believe that god gave them laws through moses in form of the torah and that these laws should oder their lives, some jewish men wear a yarmulke (small skullcap)

Question 25

agnostics

Answer 25

believe that they do not know or cannot know if god exists, dont deny that god might exist, but feel ther eis no true knowledge of god's existence

Question 26

atheists

Answer 26

ppl who believ that there is no god, actively deny the existence of any diety (higher power)

Question 27

vegetarians

Answer 27

do not eat any meat for religious, moral, or health reasons

Question 28

vegans

Answer 28

do not eat any animals or animal derived product

Question 29

infancy

Answer 29

birth to 12 months, moves from total dependence to relative independence of moving around, comm bsic needs, and feeding himself, phys developments move from head down, gain control of neck muscles, then shoulders, then arms/legs,

Question 30

disorders of infancy

Answer 30

premature babies (born 37 weeks or earlier), low birth weight babies (full term but weigh less than 6 lbs), birth defects, viral or bacterial infections, or SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome)

Question 31

toddler

Answer 31

1-3 years, start to gain independence, learn to speak, gain coordination of limbs, control bladder/bowels, and assert their independence by exploring or throwing tantrums, whining, refusing to cooperate

Question 32

preschool

Answer 32

ages 3-6, develops skills to become more independent and have social relationships, develop vocab/lang skills, learn to play in groups, phys coordinated, begin to learn right/wrong,

Question 33

school age

Answer 33

ages 6-10; development is centered on cognitive (thinking and learning) and social development; learn to relate to others and get along with others, begin to behave in ways common with gender, develops conscience, morals, self esteem

Question 34

common disorders of childhood

Answer 34

chickenpox, bacterial/viral infections, leukemia (form of cancer that refers to the inability of the body 's WBC to fight disease, abuse (phys, psych, sexual, substance), child neglect

Question 35

preadolescence

Answer 35

ages 10-13, growing sense of self identity and strong sense of identity with peers, very social, puberty starts

Question 36

adolescence

Answer 36

ages 13-19, puberty reaches, peer acceptance becomes important, concern for body image, and peer acceptance combined with changing hormones that influence mood, can cause rapid mood swings, conflict pressures develop bw/ dependence on parents and need to express themselves socially and sexually

Question 37

common disorders of adolescence

Answer 37

eating disorders, anorexia, bulimia, STIs, can become depressed and attempt SI, can sustain trauma (severe injury) from MVCs or playing sports

Question 38

young adulthood

Answer 38

ages 19-40; phys growth has completed, psychosocial develop continues, including selecting appropriate education, occupation/career/mate/learning to live with others, raising children, sex life

Question 39

middle adulthood

Answer 39

ages 40-65, more comfortable and stable, major life decisions has been made but may reach midlife crisis, start to notice diff maintaining weight or decrease in strength/energy, wrinkles, gray hair, visual/hearing loss, and women may experience menopause, many diseases/illnesses develop

Question 40

late adulthood

Answer 40

age 65 and older, adjust to effects of aging and loss - loss of strength and health, death of loved ones, retirement, preparation for their own death, solutions include new relationships, friendships, interests

Question 41

common disorders of late adulthood

Answer 41

arthritis, Alzheimer's, cancer, diabetes, and stroke

Question 42

geriatrics

Answer 42

study of health, wellness, and disease later in life, includes health care of older ppl and the well being of their caregivers

Question 43

gerontology

Answer 43

study of aging process in people from midlife through old age

Question 44

ageism

Answer 44

prejudice toward, or stereotyping of, and/or discrimination against older persons or elderly

Question 45

changes not considered normal changes of aging

Answer 45

signs of depression, SI thoughts, loss of ability to think logically, poor nutrition, SOB, incontinence

Question 46

developmental disabilities

Answer 46

disabilities that are present at birth or emerge during childhood, chronic condition that restricts physical/mental ability, prevent a child from developing at nl rate, lang, mobility, learning and ability to self care may be affected; includes intellectual disabilities, down syndrome, cerebral palsy, spina bifida, and ASD

Question 47

intellectual disability

Answer 47

aka mental retardation, most common DD, is neither a disease nor a mental illness, four diff degrees, mild, moderate, severe profound, perform and develop at below average rate, will use terms like intellectually disabled, developmentally disabled, special, or challenged

Question 48

down syndrome

Answer 48

aka trisomy 21, caused by abnormal cell division,, resulting in extra 21 chromosome, can become fairly independent, experience different degrees of intellectual disability and physical symptoms

Question 49

cerebral palsy

Answer 49

suffered brain damage either while in uterus or during birth, have both phys&mental disabilities, stops development of child or causes disorganized or abnormal development, muscle coordination and nerves are affected

Question 50

spina bifida

Answer 50

split spine, when part of the backbone is not well developed at birth, the spinal cord may bulge out of person's back, can cause range of disabilities

Question 51

autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Answer 51

developmental disability that causes problems with social skills and communications, include being withdrawn, unable to communicate using words or make eye contact, intense tantrums, repetitive body movements, aggression, short attention span, and inability to be empathetic are also problems, overly focused interests are common