chapter 22

Question 1

subacute care

Answer 1

falls bw acute care and long term care, provides a higher level of care than long term care, may be due to recent surgery, injuries, or chronic illnesses, complex wound care, specialized infusion therapy, dialysis, and mech ventilation

Question 2

reasons for surgery

Answer 2

to relieve sx, to repair/remove probs, to improve apperance or correct fn, to dx, or to cure

Question 3

3 types of surgeries

Answer 3

elective, urgent, and emergency

Question 4

elective surgery

Answer 4

surgery that is chosen by pt and is planned in advance, not absolutely necessary

Question 5

urgent surgery

Answer 5

must be performed for health reasons but not an emergency, may be planned and scheduled in advanced

Question 6

emergency surgery

Answer 6

unexpected and unscheduled, performed immediately to save a life or person’s limbs

Question 7

anethesia

Answer 7

use of meds to block pain during surgery and other medical procedures

Question 8

local anesthesia

Answer 8

injection of an anesthetic directly into surgical site or area to block pain, used for minor surgical procedures, person may remain awake

Question 9

regional anesthesia

Answer 9

injection of an anesthetic into nerve or group of nerves to block sensation in a particular region of the body, it is limited to an area, but to a larger area than for a local anesthetic

Question 10

general anesthesia

Answer 10

inhaled or injected directly into a vein and affects the brain and the entire body, person is unaware of his surroundings and odes not feel any pain, blocks any memory of the procedure, is stopped when the surgery has been completed.

Question 11

preoperative

Answer 11

before surgery care, physical and psychological prep

Question 12

postoperative

Answer 12

after surgery care begins immediately following surgery, goal is to prevent infections, promote healing, and return the person to a state of health

Question 13

postop concerns

Answer 13

probs with breathing, mental status, pain and wound healing

Question 14

post op complications

Answer 14

urinary retention/infection, constipation, BP variances, and blood clots

Question 15

sequential compression devices (SCDs)

Answer 15

plastic, air filled sleeve that is put on the leg and hooked up to a machine, when turned on machine inflates and deflates the sleeve, creating pressure and promoting blood flow

Question 16

binders

Answer 16

stretchable pieces of fabric that can be fastened, they hold dressings in place and give support to surgical wounds, also reduce swelling and ease discomfort

Question 17

surgical drains

Answer 17

placed near incision, and helps prevent fluid buildup which can lead to infection, are connected to a collection device such as a bulb which is emptied regularly,

Question 18

pulse oximeter

Answer 18

noninvasive device that uses a light to determine the amt of oxygen in the blood (O2 sat), also measure a person’s pulse rate

Question 19

telemetry

Answer 19

used to measure the heart rhythm and rate on a continuous basis, , electrodes (wires) attached to chest with sticky pads, and connected to a battery powered portable unit which sends data to computer screens a at a monitoring station, data is monitored and assessed at all times by specially trained staff

Question 20

telemetry may be necessary due to

Answer 20

CP, heart or lung dz, hear tor lung surgery, irregular heartbeats, or certain meds that affect heart rhythm or rate

Question 21

artificial airway

Answer 21

any tube inserted into respiratory tract to maintain or promote breathing, helps keep the airway open, necessary when airway is obstructed due to illness injury secretions or aspiration, or unconscious

Question 22

intubation

Answer 22

artificial airway inserted through passage of a plastic tube through mouth nose or opening in neck into trachea

Question 23

tracheostomy

Answer 23

surgically created opening through neck into trachea, is usually temporary but can be permanent, easier to suction and attach respiratory equipment than other artificial airways

Question 24

tracheostomy tube/trach tube

Answer 24

inserted through surgically created opening in the neck into trachea

Question 25

mechanical ventilation

Answer 25

a machine used to inflate and deflate the lungs when a person is unable to breathe on his own, may require it due to cardiac or respiratory arrest, lung injuries and diseases, or head and spinal cord injuries

Question 26

suctioning

Answer 26

removes mucus and secretions from the lungs when a person cannot do this on his own, also person with trach

Question 27

chest tubes

Answer 27

hollow drainage tubes that are inserted into the chest during a sterile procedure, can be inserted at bedside or during surg, they drain air, blood or other fluids, or pus, collected inside pleural cavity or space