Chapter 7- The Axial Skeleton Flashcards
The axial skeleton provides an extensive surface area for the attachment of muscles that…
- Adjust the positions of the head, neck, and the trunk
- Perform respiratory movements
- Stabilize or position parts of the appendicular skeleton
The axial skeleton can be recognized because it…
Forms the longitudinal axis of the body
What includes bones found exclusively in the axial skeleton?
Skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, hyoid
The axial skeleton creates a framework that supports and protects organ systems in the…
Ventral body cavities
The bones of the cranium that exclusively represent single,unpaired bones are the…
Occipital, frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid
The paired bones of the cranium are the…
Parietal and temporal
The associated bones of the skull include the…
Hyoid and auditory ossicles
The single, unpaired bones that make up the skeletal part of the face are the…
Mandible and vomer
The lines, tubercles, crests, ridges, and other processes on the bones represent areas that are used primarily for…
Attachment of muscles and bones
The sutures that articulate the bones of the skull are the…
Lamboid, Sagittal, coronal, squamous
Foramina, located on the bones of the skull, serve primarily as passageways for…
Nerves and blood vessels
The bones that make up the lateral wall and rumor of the eye orbit are the…
Maxilla, zygomatic, and sphenoid
The sinuses, or internal chambers in the skull, are found in the…
Sphenoid, frontal, ethmoid, and maxillary bones
The nasal complex consists of the…
- Frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones
- Maxilla, lacrimal, and ethmoidal concha
- Inferior concha
The air filled chambers that communicate with the nasal cavities are the…
Paranasal sinuses
The primary function of the paranasal sinus mucus epithelium is to…
- Lighten the skull bones
- Humidify and warm incoming air
- Trap foreign particulate matter such as dust
Areas of the head that are involved in the formation of the skull are called…
Ossification centers
The reason the skull can be distorted without damage during birth is…
Fibrous connective tissue connects the cranial bones
The anatomical structures that allows for distortion of the infant skull during the birthing process are called…
Fontanelles
The most significant growth in the skull occurs before age 5 because…
The brain stops growing and cranial sutures develop
The primary spinal curves that appear late in fetal development…
Accommodate the thoracic and abdominopelvic viscera
An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is called…
Scoliosis
The vertebrae that indirectly effect changes in the volume of the rib cage are the…
Thoracic vertebrae
The most massive and least mobile of the vertebrae are the…
Lumbar
What identifies the sequence of the vertebra from superior to inferior?
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx
When identifying the vertebra, a numerical shorthand is used, such as C3. The C refers to the…
The region of the vertebrae
C1 and C2 have specific names, which are the…
Atlas and axis
The sacrum consists of five fused elements that afford protection for…
Reproductive, digestive, and excretory organs
The primary purpose of the coccyx is to provide…
An attachment site for a muscle that closes the anal opening
The first seven pairs of ribs are called true ribs, while the lower five pairs are called false ribs because…
They do not attach directly or the sternum
The skeleton of the chest, or thoracic cage, consists of…
Thoracic vertebrae, ribs, and sternum
The three components of the adult sternum are the…
Manubrium, body, and xiphoid process
Brain growth, skull growth, and completed crainial suture development occur…
By age 5
The area of the greatest degree of flexibility along the vertebral column is found from…
C3-C7
After a hard fall, compression fractures or compression-dislocation fractures most often involve…
Last thoracic and first two lumbar vertebrae
Intervertebral discs are found in between all the vertebrae except…
Between C1 and C2 and the sacrum and coccyx
Part of the loss that height that accompanies aging results from…
The decreasing size and resiliency of the intervertebral discs
The skull articulates with the vertebral column at the…
Occipital condyles
The saddle shaped feature of the sphenoid that house the pituitary gland is the…
Sella turcica
The growth of the cranium is usually associated with the…
Expansion of the brain
Beginning at the superior end of the vertebral canal and proceeding inferiorally, the…
Diameter of the cord and the size of the vertebral arch decrease
The vertebrae that are directly articulated with the ribs are the…
Thoracic only
During CPR, proper positioning of the hands is important so that an excessive pressure will not break the…
Xiphoid process
