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Anatomy and physiology > Chapter 5- Integumentary System > Flashcards

Chapter 5- Integumentary System Flashcards

0
Q

The layers of the epidermis where mitotic divisions are the…

A

Basale and spinosum

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1
Q

The layers of the epidermis, beginning with the deepest layer and proceeding outwardly, include the stratum…

A

Basale, spinosum, granulosum, and corneum

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2
Q

The epidermis consist of a…

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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3
Q

Differences in skin color between individuals reflect distinct…

A

Levels of melanin synthesis

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4
Q

The basic factors interacting to produce skin color are…

A

Circulatory supply and pigment concentration and composition

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5
Q

Excessive exposure of the skin to UV radiation may cause redness, edema, blisters, and pain. The presence of blisters classifies the burn as…

A

Second degree

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6
Q

When exposed to ultraviolet radiation, epidermal cells in the stratum basale and stratum spinosum convert a cholesterol-related steroid into…

A

Vitamin D3

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7
Q

The hormone essential for the normal absorption of calcium and phosphorus by the small intestine is…

A

Calcitriol

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8
Q

Epidermal growth factor EF has widespread effects on epithelia tissue in that it…

A
  1. Promotes the divisions of germinative cells
  2. Accelerate the production of keratin
  3. Stimulates epidermal development and repair
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9
Q

The two major components of the dermis are…

A

A papillary layer and a reticular layer

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10
Q

What identifies what the dermis contains to communicate with other organ systems?

A

Nerve fibers

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11
Q

The primary tissues comprising the hypodermis are…

A

Areolar and adipose

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12
Q

The reason the hypodermis is a good location for subcutaneous injection by hypodermic needle is that it has a…

A

Limited number of capillaries and no vital organs

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13
Q

An important function of the subcutaneous layer is to…

A

Stabilize the position of the skin in relation to underlying tissues

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14
Q

Special smooth muscles in the dermis that, when contracted, produce “goose bumps” are called…

A

Arrector pili

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15
Q

Hair production occurs in the…

A

Hair follicle, in the hair matrix

16
Q

The natural factor responsible for varying shades of hair color is…

A

Type of pigment present

17
Q

Accessory structures of the skin include the…

A

Hair follicles, sebaceous gland, and sweat gland

18
Q

Sensible perspiration released by the eccrine sweat glands serves to…

A
  1. Cool the surface do the skin
  2. Reduce body temperature
  3. Dilute harmful chemicals
19
Q

When the body temperature becomes abnormally high, thermoregulatory homeostasis is maintained by a(n)…

A

Increase in sweat gland activity and blood flow to the skin

20
Q

Not visible from the surface, nail production occurs at an epithelial fold called the…

A

Nail root

21
Q

The immediate response by the skin to an injury is…

A

Bleeding and an inflammatory response triggered by damaged mast cells

22
Q

The practical limit to the healing process of the skin is the formation of inflexible, fibrous, noncellular…

A

Scar tissue

23
Q

Hair turns gray or white due to…

A

Decreased melanocyte activity

24
Q

Sagging and wrinkling of the integument occurs from…

A

A decrease in the elastic fiber network of the dermis

25
Q

The two major components of the integument are the…

A

Cutaneous membrane and accessory structures

26
Q

Psoriasis is a skin disorder in which there is abnormal increased mitotic activity in the…

A

Stratum basale

27
Q

Third degree burns differ from the first and second degree burns in that…

A

The epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis are destroyed

28
Q

The two components of the cutaneous membrane are the…

A

Epidermis and dermis

29
Q

Because freshwater is hypotonic to body fluids, sitting in a freshwater bath causes…

A

Water to enter the epidermis and cause the epithelial cells to swell

30
Q

Malignant melanomas are extremely dangerous and life threatening because…

A

The melanocytes grow rapidly and metastasize through the lymphatic system

31
Q

The subcutaneous layer that separates the integument from the deep fascia around other organs…

A

Hypodermis

32
Q

Ceruminous glands are modified sweat glands located in the

A

External auditory gland

33
Q

The regulation of salts, water, and organic wastes by the integumentary glands is accomplished by…

A

Excretion

34
Q

Scar tissue is best described as…

A

Fibrous, noncellular accumulation of tissue at the site of injury repair

35
Q

The protein that permits stretch and recoil of the skin is…

A

Elastin

36
Q

The primary pigments contained in the spider is are…

A

Carotene and melanin

Anatomy and physiology (25 decks)

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