Chapter 1- Intro To A&P Flashcards
The study of internal and external body structures is…
Anatomy
The study of anatomy and physiology provides…
- The foundation for understanding all other basic life sciences
- An understanding of how your body works under normal and abnormal circumstances
- A basis for making common sense decisions about your own life.
Reading the textbook and memorizing important facts will assure you of success in the A&P course…
False
Physiology is the study of…
How living organisms perform functions
The four basic building blocks of medical terms are…
Word roots, prefixes, suffixes, and combining forms
The worldwide official standard of anatomical vocabulary is…
Terminologia anatomica
Anatomy and physiology are closely related because…
- Anatomical information provides clues about functions
- All specific functions are performed by specific structures
- Physiological mechanisms can be explained only in terms of underlying anatomy
The study of general form and superficial anatomical markings is called…
Surface anatomy
The anatomical specialty that provides a bridge between the realms of macroscopic anatomy and microscopic anatomy is…
Developmental anatomy
The specialized study that analyzes the structure of individual cells is…
Cytology
The scientist who studies the effects of diseases on organ or system functions would be classified as a…
Pathological physiologist
The smallest living units in the body are…
Cells
The level of organization that reflects the interactions between organ systems is the…
Organism
The two regulatory systems in the human body are the…
Nervous and endocrine
Homeostasis refers to…
The maintenance of a stable internal environment
When a variation outside of normal limits triggers an automatic response that corrects the situation, the mechanism is called…
Negative feedback
When an initial disturbance produces a response that exaggerates the disturbance, the mechanism is called…
Positive feedback
An erect body, with the feet together, eyes directed forward, and the arms at the side of the body with the palms of the hands turned forward, represents the…
Anatomical position
Moving from the wrist toward the elbow is an example of moving in a…
Proximal direction
RLQ is an abbreviation used as a reference to designate a specific…
Abdominopelvic quadrant
Making a Sagittal section results in the separation of…
Right and left portions of the body
The two major subdivisions of the ventral body cavity are the…
Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity
The heart and lungs are located in the…
Thoracic
The ventral body cavity is divided by a flat muscular sheet called the…
Diaphragm
The study of anatomy and physiology provides and explanation of how the body responds to normal and abnormal conditions and maintains…
Homeostasis
Anatomy is the study of internal and external…
Body structures
A comparative name for a structure that was originally named for a real or mythical person is an…
Eponym
A person who specializes in the study of tissue is called a…
Histologist
The study of early developmental processes is called…
Embryology
The study of the functions of the living cells is called…
Cell physiology
In complex organisms such as the human being, cells unite to form…
Tissues
At the chemical level of organization, chemicals interact to form complex…
Molecules
An organ system is made up of structural units called…
Organs
The kidneys, bladder, and ureters are organs that belong to the…
Urinary system
The esophagus, large intestine, and stomach are organs that belong to the…
Digestive system
The organ system to which the skin belongs is the…
Integumentary system
The term that refers to the adjustments in physiological systems is…
Regulation
When opposing processes or forces are in balance, it can be said that they have reached a state of…
Equilibrium
When the activities of a cell, tissue, organ, or system change automatically due to environmental variation, the homeostatic mechanism that operates is called…
Auto regulation
A response that is important in accelerating processes that must proceed to completion rapidly is called…
Positive feedback
The two systems often controlled by negative feedback mechanisms are the nervous and…
Endocrine systems
Tenderness in the RUQ might indicate problems with the…
Liver
A term that means “close to the long axis of the body” is…
Medial
A term that means “away from an attached base” is…
Distal
A horizontal or cross-section view of the human body at a right angle to the long axis of the body is a…
Transverse
The subdivision of the thoracic cavity that houses the heart is the…
Pericardial cavity
The region that lies between and separates the two pleural cavities is the…
Mediastinum
The abdominopelvic cavity is also known as the…
Peritoneal
Proceeding through increasing levels of complexity in humans, the correct sequence is…
Molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
The field of developmental anatomy includes the study of…
Changes in form that occur between conception and physical maturity
The homeostatic mechanism of extrinsic regulation results from…
The activities of the nervous or endocrine system that control or adjust the activities of many other systems simultaneously
Anatomical position refers to a person standing erect, feet facing forward, and…
Arms hanging to sides and palms of hands facing forward with the thumbs located laterally
Correct sequence that applies to the areas of the human body…
Anterior, dorsal, cephalic, caudal
In the negative feedback system, the process that triggers a response that corrects the situation is…
A variation outside of normal limits
Suppose an individual’s body temperature is 37.3 C. This variation from the “normal” value may represent…
Individual variation rather than a homeostatic malfunction
If the temperature of the body climbs above 99 F negative feedback regulation could trigger…
An increased heat loss through enhanced blood flow to the skin and sweating
The term medial surface refers to an area…
Close to the long axis of the body
The sectional plane that divides the body so the face remains intact is the…
Coronal plane
Negative feedback systems…
Counteract the effects of a stimulus
The specialist who investigates structures at the tissue level of organization is the…
Histologist
The system responsible for internal transport of cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes,and gases, is the…
Cardiovascular system
The system responsible for defense against infection and disease is the…
Lymphatic
Activities of the nervous and endocrine systems to control or adjust the activities of many different systems simultaneously are…
Extrinsic regulation
The system that performs crisis management by directing rapid, short-term, and very specific responses is the…
Nervous
The popliteal artery can be found near the…
Knee
Tenderness in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen may indicate…
Appendicitis
Moving proximally from the wrist brings you to the…
Elbow
To oppose any departure from the norm, physiological systems are typically regulated by…
Negative feedback
If a surgeon makes a midsagittal incision in the inferior region of the thorax, the incision would be made through the…
Sternum
