Chapter 7 - Building Regulations and Codes

Question 1

What does ADA stand for? Is it a code, standard, or piece of legislation?

Answer 1

Americans with Disabilities Act, Civil Rights Legislation

Question 2

Can local codes include amendments to the model building code in use?

Answer 2

Yes.

Question 3

Local jurisdictions (including states) may write their own buildings codes, but in most cases a _________ is adopted into law by reference.

Answer 3

Model Code

Question 4

A model code is one that has been written by a group comprised of experts knowledgeable in the field, without any reference to any particular ________.

Answer 4

geographical region

Question 5

Adopting a model code allows a city, county or district to _______

Answer 5

have a complete, workable building code without the difficulty and expense of writing its own.

Question 6

Even when a city or state writes its own building code, it’s usually based on a ____________.

Answer 6

model code

Question 7

Cities that have written their own building code include

Answer 7

Chicago and New York among others

Question 8

The primary model code is the ___________

Answer 8

International Building Code (IBC)

Question 9

Building codes are written to protect the ____, ____, ____ of the public.

Answer 9

health, safety, and welfare

Question 10

Model codes are written based on the idea of the _______________.

Answer 10

least acceptable risk

Question 11

The electrical code used by all jurisdictions is the _________

Answer 11

National Electric Code (NEC)

Question 12

The National Electric Code is published by the ______

Answer 12

NFPA

Question 13

Model codes make extensive use of industry standards developed by trade associations such as ____, ____, ____, and _____.

Answer 13

GA, ASTM, NFPA, and ANSI

Question 14

What does GA stand for?

Answer 14

Gypsum Association

Question 15

What does ASTM stand for?

Answer 15

American Society for Testing and Materials

Question 16

What does ANSI stand for?

Answer 16

American National Standards Institute

Question 17

Standards are made part of the ________ by reference name and number.

Answer 17

building code
Ex: A11.7.1, Accessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities

Question 18

In the US, the authority for adopting and enforcing buildings codes is one of the police powers given to the _______ by the Tenth Amendment. Each state may retain those powers or delegate some of them to ______________________.

Answer 18

states
lower levels of gov’t, such as counties or cities

Question 19

The authority for adopting and enforcing buildings codes varies ___________

Answer 19

state by state

Question 20

Building codes are usually adopted by _________

Answer 20

local jurisdictions

Question 21

Only when standards are referenced in building codes and that code is adopted by a governmental jurisdiction do standards become ______.

Answer 21

laws

Question 22

This group does the following: test procedures that prescribe in detail things such as -how the test is set up-how materials must be prepped for the test-length of the test etc.

Answer 22

What does ASTM do?

Question 23

This group does the following: develops standards related to the causes and prevention of destructive fires publishes hundreds of codes and standards that cover the scope of fire prevention including:-sprinkler systems-fire extinguishers-hazardous materials-fire fighting and more

Answer 23

What does NFPA do?

Question 24

This group does the following:| They approve standards developed by other organizations and works to avoid duplications between different standards

Answer 24

What does ANSI do?

Question 25

What does NRTL stand for?

Answer 25

National Recognized Testing Laboratory

Question 26

An _______ is an independent laboratory recognized by OSHA to test products to the specifications of applicable product safety standards.

Answer 26

NRTL (National Recognized Testing Laboratory)

Question 27

What does OSHA stand for?

Answer 27

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Question 28

What is one of the most well known testing laboratories in the US?

Answer 28

Underwriters Laboratories (UL)

Question 29

What does UL do?

Answer 29

develops standards and tests products for safety

Question 30

Are there several types of UL labels? Given after a product successfully passes the prescribed test?

Answer 30

Yes

Question 31

When a complete and total product is successfully tests, it receives a ___________________. This means that the product passes the _______ test and is manufactured under the UL follow-up services program.

Answer 31

UL listed label safety

Question 32

What is this label called? Samples of the product are tested for certain types of uses only. In addition to the label, the product must also carry a statement specifying ____________________.

Answer 32

UL classified label the conditions that were tested for

Question 33

What is a common use of UL testing procedures?

Answer 33

Door openings. For example, fire doors are required to be tested in accordance with ANSI UL10B and they must carry a UL label

Question 34

ASTM E119: Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials tests for fire resistance of construction assemblies: Part 1 - measures ______ __________ through the assembly Part 2 - _____ _______ test to simulate how well the assembly stands up to an impact from falling debris and the cooling and eroding effects of water OVERALL: this test evaluates the assembly's ability to _________________________.

Answer 34

heat transfer hose stream prevent the passage of fire, heat, and hot gases for a given amount of time

Question 35

NFPA 252: Standard Methods of Fire Tests of _______ ____________ (evaluates ability)

Answer 35

Door Assemblies

Question 36

NFPA 257: Standard on Fire Test for Window and ______ ______ Assemblies

Answer 36

Glass Block

Question 37

Flammability tests for finish materials determine three things:

Answer 37

1. does it add "fuel to the fire" 2. how fast does the fire spread across the material 3. how much smoke and toxic gas does it produce?

Question 38

ASTM E84: Standard Test Method for ___________________________ of Building Material AKA Steiner Tunnel Test rates ___________________________ of interior finishes and other building materials wainscoting, paneling, heavy wall covering, and other finishes applied structurally and for decoration

Answer 38

surface burning characteristics

Question 39

ASTM E84 classifies materials into __________

Answer 39

one of three groups based on their tested flammability Class A being the most fire resistant and C being the least

Question 40

ASTM E662: measures the amount of smoke given off by a _______ or ___________ material or finish (this is the same test as the NFPA 258)

Answer 40

flaming smoldering

Question 41

NFPA 253: AKA _________ ________ panel test measures the flame spread of ________ (same as ASTM E648)

Answer 41

radiant flooring carpet

Question 42

ASTM D2859: test for ________ flammability

Answer 42

carpet

Question 43

NFPA 265: determines contribution of interior textile ______ and _________ coverings to room fire growth

Answer 43

wall ceiling

Question 44

NFPA 286: evaluates flammability of materials on walls other than _________.

Answer 44

textiles

Question 45

ASTM E2573: _______ wall systems for flammability

Answer 45

stretch

Question 46

NFPA 701

Answer 46

flammability of draperies, curtains

Question 47

A fire damper is a UL listed device installed in ducts and air transfer openings that is designed to ___________________.

Answer 47

automatically close on detection of heat, thus restricting the passage of fire.

Question 48

Does a fire barrier or fire partition offer more protection?

Answer 48

Fire barrier

Question 49

What is a fire barrier?

Answer 49

vertical or horizontal assembly that is fire-resistance rated and is designed to restrict the spread of fire, confine it, and /or afford safe passage for protected egress.

Question 50

Purposes for fire barriers: to enclose _________ exit enclosures (stairways), exit _____________, horizontal exits, and incidental use areas- separate different __________ in a mixed __________ situation - separate single occupancies into different fire areas

Answer 50

vertical passageways occupancy occupancy

Question 51

Can fire partitions stop at the ceiling?

Answer 51

yes, if the ceiling is fire-resistance-rated

Question 52

Can fire barriers stop at the ceiling?

Answer 52

no-they must go deck to deck

Question 53

A fire partition is a wall assembly with a fire-resistance rating of _____

Answer 53

1 hour

Question 54

Curtains, draperies, hangings, and other decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings must be ______ and pass the ______.

Answer 54

flame resistant NFPA 701

Question 55

Floor-wall base trim that is ____" in height must be not less than ___________ when tested in accordance with NFPA 253.

Answer 55

6 Class II

Question 56

In order to achieve equivalent safety in building design, each occupancy group therefore varies by ____, ____, ____, and _____.

Answer 56

fire protection requirements area and height limitations type of construction restrictions means-of-egress elements

Question 57

What are the ten major occupancy groups according to the IBC?

Answer 57

assembly business education factory / industrial hazardous institutional mercantile residential utility storage ABE F HIM RUS

Question 58

For interior design, occupancy classification affects the following:

Answer 58

calculation of occupant load egress design interior finish requirements use of fire partitions and fire barriers fire detection/suppression systems ventilation/sanitation requirements other special restrictions particular to any given classification

Question 59

An ___________ occupancy is a space or room that is ancillary to the main occupancy but does not exceed 10% of the floor area on the story of which it is located.

Answer 59

accessory

Question 60

What is an incidental use area?

Answer 60

An incidental use area is ancillary to the main occupancy and has the same classification as the nearest main occupancy but poses a greater level of risk to that occupancy.

Question 61

The incidental area must be ______ from the main occupancy by a ________

Answer 61

separated fire barrier

Question 62

Type I buildings

Answer 62

Most fire resistive not limited by area or height

Question 63

Type V buildings

Answer 63

Least fire resistive Limited by area or height

Question 64

If a building is changing occupancy type, the designer must know the construction type to verify ____________.

Answer 64

that the maximum area is not exceeded. If the maximum area is being exceeded, it may be necessary to construct a firewall or add sprinklers.

Question 65

In addition, construction type can affect the required fire ratings of

Answer 65

coverings of structural elements, floor/ceiling assemblies, and openings in rated walls

Question 66

The term ____________ is used to describe any fire alarm or fire-extinguishing device or the system that is designed and installed to detect, control, or extinguish a fire, or to alert the occupants or the fire department that a fire has occurred, or any combination of these.

Answer 66

fire protection system

Question 67

_________ are the most common type of suppression system and are required in nearly all new high-rise buildings and hotels. They're also coming commonplace in many other types of commercial buildings.

Answer 67

Sprinklers

Question 68

The design and layout of the sprinkler system are the responsibility of the mechanical engineer or fire protection contractor, but the interior designer should be aware of sprinkler system requirements, most notably ________________________________.

Answer 68

the spacing of sprinkler heads and the types of heads available

Question 69

NFPA 13

Answer 69

sprinkler system requirements

Question 70

code requirements for glazing focus on two main locations:

Answer 70

glazing used in hazardous locations glazing used in fire-rated assemblies such as partitions and doors

Question 71

_____ must be used in hazardous locations where it is subject to human impact, such as in doors and enclosures.

Answer 71

safety glazing

Question 72

Fire-protection-rated glazing

Answer 72

1/4" thick wired glass in steel frames. must have 45 min rating and is limited to 1-hour fire-rated partitions. The amount of this glazing is limited to 25% the length of the common wall within any room using the glazing.

Question 73

Fire-resistance-rated glazing

Answer 73

glass that has been tested as part of a fire-resistance-rated wall assembly. allows the use of special fire-rated glazing that can have fire-resistive ratings up to 2 hours. May be used in partitions that must have a rating higher than 1 hour, although the glazing must have the same rating at the partition in which it is used. There are no area limitations.

Question 74

A _____ is a component whose function is to prevent falls from an elevated area.

Answer 74

guard

Question 75

Guards were previously called

Answer 75

guardrails

Question 76

Guards must be a minimum of ___ inches high and designed such that a sphere with a ____ inch diameter cannot pass through any opening up to a height of 36 inches

Answer 76

42" 4"

Question 77

The _______ gives the minimum number of toilets, lavatories, drinking fountains, and other fixtures required in the building

Answer 77

International Plumbing Code (IPC)

Question 78

The IBC references _______ for electrical codes.

Answer 78

National Electrical Code (NEC) published by the NFPA

Question 79

What does STC stand for?

Answer 79

Sound Transmission Class

Question 80

The IBC requires a min _____ (___if tested) for walls

Answer 80

50 STC (45 if tested)

Question 81

Two types of fireplaces

Answer 81

Pre-fab (factory built) and traditional masonry

Question 82

No combustible trim is allowed within ___ inches of the fireplace opening

Answer 82

6

Question 83

Any combustible trim between ___ and __ inches of the opening may only project __ from the fireplace for every 1 inches of space between the trim and the opening.

Answer 83

6 and 12 1/8" projection

Question 84

Material that will ignite and burn, either as a flame or glow

Answer 84

combustible

Question 85

an assembly of a fire door, fire window, or fire damper; including all required anchorage, frames, sills, and hardware

Answer 85

fire assembly

Question 86

a fire-resistive-rated vertical or horizontal assembly of materials designed to restrict the spread of fire in which openings are protected

Answer 86

fire barrier

Question 87

fire-resistive component used to separate dwelling units. generally required to have a min 1-hr fire protection-rated construction

Answer 87

fire partition

Question 88

period of time an opening assembly, ex: door or window, can confine a fire or maintain its integrity or both THIS IS FOR OPENINGS

Answer 88

fire-protection rating

Question 89

the property of a material or assembly to withstand or resist the spread of fire or give protection from it

Answer 89

fire resistance

Question 90

the period of time a building component such as wall, floor, roof, beam, or column can confine a fire or maintain its structural integrity or both THIS IS FOR WALLS, FLOORS, ROOFS, ETC.

Answer 90

fire-resistance rating

Question 91

The ability to withstand flame impingement or give protection from it. applies to individual materials as well as combinations of components

Answer 91

flame resistance

Question 92

the propagation of flame over a surface

Answer 92

flame spread

Question 93

the numerical value assigned to a material tested in accordance with ASTM E84

Answer 93

flame-spread index

Question 94

capable of burning with a flame and subject to easy ignition and rapid flaming combustion

Answer 94

flammable

Question 95

material that will not ignite and burn when subjected to a fire

Answer 95

noncombustible

Question 96

NFPA 261 tests for what?

Answer 96

upholstered furniture