Application of Professional Ethics, and Business Practices - Part II Flashcards
Agreements certified by the American Institute of architects or American Society of Interior Designers impose strict regulations on the establishment of _________ ______.
project costs
An AIA/ASID agreement, explicitly states that no ______ limit of project costs can be established as a condition of the agreement unless it is ____________________________.
fixed, agreed to in writing by both parties
The only condition under which this can be established is, if the lowest bid ______________.
exceeds that limit
In this case, the designer is required to modify the drawings and specifications at _______________, as to reduce the project cost.
no additional charge
Interior designers may charge for their services based on a ______ fee or an ________ ______.
fixed, hourly rate
Hourly rate: The client agrees to pay a ____ rate for each ______ the designer spends on the project.
set, hour
Fixed fee: the client agrees to pay a specific ____ of money to the designer for a specific set of __________. Payment is usually made on a _________ basis;
How does the designer establish cost for a fixed fee?
sum, services
monthly
The designer establishes the sum of money based on cost, including salaries of employees, benefits, taxes and office overhead; reimbursable expenses are added, in addition to the fees for basic services.
Interior designers, often charge for services based on a ___________ of the project ______.
percentage
cost
This method (percentage of project cost) is best suited to projects in which the designer can accurately _____________________, as well as the probable ____ of the project.
anticipate the amount of work that will be required
cost
Percentage of project cost is not a good idea when the project is ___________________.
on a small budget
On occasion, a client may be suspicious that the designer will be encouraged to ____________________, in order to ____________________, or that the designer may lose the incentive to reduce construction and furnishings costs.
increase the cost of the project
increase the professional fees
Interior designers sometimes base their service fees on a rate per area planned or designed, or on the resale of _____________________.
wholesale furniture purchases
Rates per area (square footage) planned, or designed: calculated by multiplying the square footage of the project by a ______ rate; typically used in ___________ construction; to protect the interest of the designer, the ______ of __________ must be clearly defined.
fixed
commercial
scope of services
Reselling wholesale furniture purchases at retail prices: in this scenario, the designer purchases furniture, fixtures, and other items at a ______ _________, and then sells them to the client at ______ price. The difference in price amounts to the ____________ ______ of the designer.
trade discount
retail
professional fees
Which method is not recommended and is only used sparingly?
Reselling wholesale furniture purchases at retail prices
Occasionally, an interior designer uses the multiple of ______ ___________ expense to calculate _____.
direct personnel
fees
In this method, normal personnel expenses are calculated by multiplying the direct hourly salary of employees by some ______ representative of _____, ______ _______, __________, and other expenses.
factor
taxes, sick leave, healthcare
The resulting hourly amount has been increased by another multiplier (usually between ____ and ____) that includes provisions for _________ and ______.
2.75 and 3
overhead and profit
This method of calculating fees is only used on ______ _____ projects, and by __________ designers.
large scale
established
The multiple of _______ ________ expense is similar to the method of “multiple of direct personal expense”, except that the multiplier is _______ to account for employee _________, as well as overhead.
direct salary
larger
benefits
Also, ______ is based on direct hourly wage. The hourly method is preferred by designers because it ensures that every hour will be _____ ____ and ___________.
profit
paid for and profitable
The Multiple of Direct Salary Expense method also protects the designer in cases where the client continually __________________ or _______ the completion of the job and some other way.
changes his or her mind
delays
Clients, on the other hand, may be uncomfortable with _______________ of the hourly system, and may seek to impose a _________ _________ upon initiation of the contract.
the open-ended nature
maximum payment
There is a specific code of ______ governing the conduct of interior designers.
ethics
Interior designers are not allowed to engage in any form of false or misleading _________ or ___________.
promotion or advertising
Interior designers may offer their services to clients as a consultant, ________ or ________ on the basis of a _____, percentage or markup.
specifier
supplier
fee
Unless the client is aware and agrees, the designer cannot accept any form of ___________ from a ________ of goods and services in cash or in-kind.
compensation
supplier
An interior designer must perform his or her services in the best _________________, so long as this does not violate _____, ______, or _________ the health and safety of other people.
interest of the client,
laws
codes
endanger
Interior designers are prohibited from divulging any privileged information about the ________ or _______ without the permission of the client.
client
project
Interior designers cannot initiate any discussion or activity that could cause ________________ to _____________________.
unjust injury to another professional
Interior designers are not allowed to interfere with the performance of any other designers _________ ___________ with the client.
contractual agreement
Interior designers can only take credit for work that they __________________, or that __________________.
themselves have created,
has been created under their direction
Finally interior designers have a duty to keep both the ________ and the __________ informed of any problems, changes, or any other information that might _______________.
owner
contractor
affect their work
The code of ethics governing the conduct of interior designers outlines specific responsibilities to the _______.
client
An interior designer can only take on work ________________.
for which he or she is qualified
Similarly, an interior designer must indicate the _______ of his or her services _________, and must indicate how much ____________ he or she is receiving for a given project.
scope
precisely
compensation
An interior designer must not take any ___________ or ___________________ when he or she leaves and employer.
documents or confidential information
With regard to both clients and employers, an interior designer is required to obey the highest standards of _________________________.
confidentialities, honesty, and discretion.
Interior designers are often required to ___________ in the process of building commissioning.
participate
What is building commissioning?
Inspecting, testing, initiating and modifying building systems.
Building commissioning also includes making sure that _____________________.
systems are working correctly
Basically, building commissioning is designed to make sure that the _____________ resembles what was ___________________.
finished product,
outlined in the contract documents
Building commissioning can be led by the ______, the ________, or by whomever has the expertise to ____________________.
client, designer
make accurate observations
Building commissioning is especially important when a designer is trying to ____________________. In these projects, building commissioning tends to ______________________.
obtain LEED certification,
occur frequently and thoroughly
The interior designer needs to be the _______ _____________ of the post occupancy evaluation, which is an evaluation of the project after the client has occupied it for a _____ _________.
main administrator
few months
In fact, many interior designers conduct this evaluation solely for their own benefit, so that they can obtain information to _____ _______ and ________ _________.
help them and future projects
What will the designer want to assess during the post occupancy evaluation?
The designer will want to assess how well he or she performed in selecting, arranging, installing and coordinating the methods and materials for the project.
A post-occupancy evaluation shows the designer _____________________________.
how well his or her work is performing the purposes for which it was intended
