Chapter 21 - Analysis of Products and Details

Question 1

When should materials and products first be reviewed to verify that they still meet the basic design and aesthetic needs of the client?

Answer 1

final stages of DD
often during SD, other factors cause the designer to change materials

Question 2

What is an MSDS

Answer 2

Material Safety and Data Sheet

Question 3

OSHA requires MSDS’s for which products?

Answer 3

potentially hazardous products

Question 4

Do MSDS’s contain long term health info?

Answer 4

no

Question 5

What comes on an MSDS?

Answer 5

it’s a sheet containing information about the physical makeup of a substance, proper procedures for storage and handling, and what to do in case of a spill- name and address of the manufacturer- identification of the substance- physical data- fire and explosion data- info on toxicity, health effects, first aid for exposure- reactivity with other substances- storage and disposal - conditions to avoid- spill and leak procedures- protective equipment required if any

Question 6

the process of working out the technical requirements of how individual components fit together

Answer 6

detailing

Question 7

the manner in which an assembly of several parts is organized and connected

Answer 7

detail

Question 8

detailing serves three objectives

Answer 8

1. must resolve how to physically connect the various components of the design2. solve functional problems (ex: how to cover base building construction )3. it’s a way to enhance the design intent of the project and contribute to the overall look

Question 9

developing or reviewing a detail is a way of satisfying the requirements in the four categories of ___, ____, ____, and _____.

Answer 9

design intent
constraints
function
constructability

Question 10

Categories/characteristics that must be considered in a construction assembly’s design or evaluation

Answer 10

1. Design Intent
2. Constraints
3. Function
4. Durability and Maintainability
5. Constructibility

Question 11

What are some examples of design constraints encountered during the detailing process?

Answer 11

Code requirements
Substrates
Costs
Industry Standards
Material Availability
Climate
Labor and Construction Practices

Question 12

Code Requirements as a Design Constraint during detailing

Answer 12

checking code compliance should be an automatic reaction when developing or reviewing details

Question 13

Substrates as a Design Constraint during Detailing

Answer 13

ID details are always built on or as a part of other construction (either base building or other interior elements). Details must take into account all of the surrounding details

Question 14

Costs as a Design Constraint during Detailing

Answer 14

how to strike the balance between client needs, initial costs, and life-cycle costs. any design an detailing work must fit within the overall cost limitations.

Question 15

Industry Standards as a Design Constraint during Detailing

Answer 15

conforming to industry standards does 2 things:
1. increases the likelihood that the detail will work
2. minimizes potential liability if something goes wrongnew design approaches should be used only when necessary or when a standard method will not work
the proposed building techniques for the new method need to be precisely defined and thoroughly researched

Question 16

Material Availability as a Design Constraint during Detailing

Answer 16

labor AND material vary with location. construction is a geographically localized industry. any material can be shipped but the cost may not be justified ex: Italian marble will likely be more $ than US marble

Question 17

Climate as a Design Constraint during Detailing

Answer 17

examples: detailing the entrance of a door in a snowy vs not snowy climate

window coverings in a building using passive solar design

Question 18

Labor and Construction Practices as a Design Constraint during Detailing

Answer 18

All construction details should be developed and reviewed to ensure they conform to the standard methods of construction, both generally and in the project’s specific geographic location

Question 19

The function of a design detail should account for:

Answer 19

concealment and finish
human fit
safety
security

Question 20

Concealment and Finish for Function in Detailing

Answer 20

the simplest functional purpose of a detail is to conceal other rough construction or to simply provide a finishex: a base not only provides protection from maintenance work but also conceals the gap between the floor and the bottom edge of gypsum wallboard

Question 21

Human Fit for Function in Detailing

Answer 21

humans come in direct contact with interior details often. ex: clerical work surface may be designed with a larger drawer under the counter but they still need sufficient knee space

Question 22

Safety for Function in Detailing (there are three aspects of this)

Answer 22

structural safety - will it physically collapse or otherwise fail, causing harm?

fire safety - is the material fire resistant enough for its intended use? will it produce smoke or toxic fumes?

safety with human contact - sharped edges that could cut people, wet floors that promote slipping, poorly designed stairs that cause falls

Question 23

Security for Function in Detailing

Answer 23

providing protection against:
1. theft
2. vandalism
3. intentional physical harm

Question 24

What is one of the most troublesome area of construction design and detailing?

Answer 24

controlling moistureex: areas around showers, tubs, kitchens, mechanical rooms, pools, and any other interior space where excess moisture is present

Question 25

Sustainability while Detailing

Answer 25

• embodied energy of the materials used should be as low as possible (blocking and finish materials alike)- materials and components should be made from as many renewable materials or recycled content as possible- details should reduce energy consumption in the bldg (ex: adding insulation in a small gap in a detail can yield significant energy savings, especially if the detail is repeated hundreds of times)- materials come from local sources- adhesives and finishes should be low VOC (ex: using mechanical fasteners instead of construction mastics)- detail should be designed for easy deconstruction for ease of recyclability

Question 26

Constructability while detailing (6 words)

Answer 26

1. connection
2. structure
3. movement
4. tolerances
5. clearances
6. construction trade sequence

Question 27

Connection (constructability while detailing)

Answer 27

how are various parts of the detail attached to one another and the substrate
1. rigid connection (ex: plaster and lath)
2. rigid but adjustable (ex: a ledger screwed to a wall)
3. flexible to allow for movement (ex: expansion joint)

Question 28

Structure (constructability while detailing)

Answer 28

strength required by the detail to resist the forces applied to it as well as its own weight and loading

Question 29

Movement (constructability while detailing)

Answer 29

makes provisions for both movement of the detail (if any) and of the building that the detail must accommodateex: a partition that extends or the structure above must allow for deflection of the floor above

Question 30

Tolerance ((constructability while detailing)

Answer 30

each element of construction is built to a different closeness to perfection tolerances for many construction components have been established by various trade organizations and are accepted as norms if you specify a tighter tolerance than the norm, it can result in more time/cost

Question 31

Clearances (constructability while detailing)

Answer 31

ex: shim space around doors and windows is provided so the door or window can be slipped into the rough opening and leveled and plumbed before being attached to the framing

Question 32

Construction Trade Sequence (constructability while detailing)

Answer 32

the best details are those that allow for construction to proceed directly from one trade to another in a timely fashion

Question 33

Considerations for moisture and weathering while detailing

Answer 33

material permeabilitymaterial durabilityaggravating circumstances -will conditions such as pressure, puncture, or abuse cause a normally water-resistant detail to leak?joints -are joints constructed, flashed, and sealed so that water cannot enter?capillary action -does the material have tiny joints or holes that can admit water?sealants -have the proper types of sealants been selected?