Chapter 7 Flashcards
Biological rhythms
Periodic physiological fluctuations
Consciousness
Our awareness of ourselves and our environment
Circadian rhythm
The biological clock; regular bodily rhythms
REM sleep
Rapid eye movement, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur (muscles are relaxed)
Alpha waves
Relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state
Sleep
Periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness
Hallucinations
False sensory experiences, such as seeing things that don’t exist at that moment
LSD (acid) and marijuana are the most common
Delta waves
Large,Valle brain waves associated with deep sleep
Insomnia
Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep
Sleep apnea
A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessation of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings
Narcolepsy
A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks
Night terrors
Sleep disorder caused by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified, occur during stage 4 sleep
Dream
Sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping persons mind
Manifest content
Remembered story line of a dream
Latent content
Underlying meaning of a dream
REM rebound
Tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation
Hypnosis
Social interaction in which 1 person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts or behaviors will occur
Post hypnosis suggestion
Suggestion made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized
Dissociation (divided consciousness theory
A split in consciousness which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others
Psychoactive drug
Chemical substance that alters perceptions and mood
Tolerance
Diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug user must take larger and larger doses to experience the effect
Withdrawal
Discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug
Physical dependence
Physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when drug is discontinued
Psychological dependence
Psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions
Addiction
Compulsive drug craving and use
Depressants
Drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions
Barbiturates
Drug that depress activity of the central nervous system reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement
Opiates
Opium and its derivatives such as morphine and heroin, depress neural activity and temporarily lessening pain and anxiety
Stimulants
Drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions
Amphetamines
Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded up body functions and associated energy and mood changes
Hallucinogens
Psychedelic drugs (LSD) that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input
LSD
Powerful hallucinogenic drug (acid)
THC
Active ingredient in marijuana, triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations
Near death experience
An altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death
Dualism
Presumption that mind and body are 2 distinct entities that interact
Monism
Presumption that mind and body are different aspects of the same thing
Non-REM sleep
Stages 1-4 of sleep
Methamphetamine
A powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system with speedy body functions and associated energy and mood changes
Ecstasy (MDMA)
Synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy
Cognitive development
Dream content reflects dreamers cognitive development-their knowledge and understanding
Information processing
Dreams help us sort out the day’s events and consolidate our memories
Physiological function
Regular Braun stimulation from REM sleep may help develop and preserve neural pathways
Activation synthesis
REM sleep triggers neural activity that evokes random visual memories, which our sleeping brain weaves into stories
Social influence theory
The subject is so caught up in their role, they begin to feel and behave in the role of a good hypnotic subject
Theodore barber
Associated with social influence theory
Ernest hilgard
Associated with divided-consciousness theory but supports the social influence theory
