Chapter 18-2nd Half

Question 0

Outgroup

Answer 0

“Them” , those perceived as different

Question 1

Ingroup

Answer 1

“Us” , people with whom one shares a common identity

Question 2

In-group bias

Answer 2

Tendency to favor ones own group

Question 3

Scapegoat theory

Answer 3

Theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame

Question 4

Just world phenomenon

Answer 4

The tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get

Question 5

Aggression

Answer 5

Any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy

Question 6

Frustration aggression principle

Answer 6

Principle that Frustration- the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal- creates anger which can generate aggression

Question 7

Conflict

Answer 7

Perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas

Question 8

Social trap

Answer 8

Situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior

Question 9

Mere-exposure effect

Answer 9

Phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases the liking of them

Question 10

Passionate love

Answer 10

A state of intense positive absorption in on another

Question 11

Companionate love

Answer 11

Deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined

Question 12

Equity

Answer 12

Condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it

Question 13

Self-disclosure

Answer 13

Revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others

Question 14

Altruism

Answer 14

Unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Question 15

Bystander effect

Answer 15

Tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give help if other bystanders are present

Question 16

Social exchange theory

Answer 16

Theory that our social behavior is in exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs

Question 17

Reciprocity norm

Answer 17

An expectation that people help out, not hurt, those who have helped them

Question 18

Social responsibility norm

Answer 18

An expectation that people help those dependent upon them

Question 19

Superordinate goals

Answer 19

Shared goals that override differences among people and require the cooperation

Question 20

GRIT

Answer 20

graduated and reciprocated initiatives in tension- reduction: strategy designed to decrease international tensions