Chapter 6

Question 0

Selective attention

Answer 0

Focusing consciously on a particular stimulus

Question 1

Perception

Answer 1

How we organize and interpret sensory information

Question 2

Cocktail party effect

Answer 2

Ability to attend to only one voice amount many

Question 3

Inattentional blindness

Answer 3

Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere

Question 4

Change blindness

Answer 4

After a brief visual interruption- you fail to notice changes in your visual field

Question 5

Change deafness

Answer 5

The failure to notice slight changes in our auditory field

Question 6

Choice blindness

Answer 6

The failure to notice our selection of a particular stimulus has changed

Question 7

Choice blindness-blindness

Answer 7

Exhibiting denial (blindness) to falling victim to a hypothetical experiment

Question 8

Pop-out phenomenon

Answer 8

Strikingly distinct stimulus demand attention, we don’t choose to look at it, it pulls our attention to it

Question 9

Visual capture

Answer 9

The tendency for vision to dominate the other senses

Question 10

Illusion

Answer 10

A perception, as of visual stimuli (optical illusion) the represents what is perceived in a way different from reality

Question 11

Gestalt

Answer 11

An organized group/ whole; integrating info into a whole

Question 12

Figure-ground

Answer 12

Organization of the visual field into objects (figures) that stand kit from their surroundings (ground)

Question 13

Grouping

Answer 13

Organizing stimuli into coherent groups

Question 14

Proximity

Answer 14

Grouping near by figures together. Seeing 3 groups of 2 lines not a whole group of six

Question 15

Similarity

Answer 15

Grouping together figures that are similar to each other

Question 16

Continuity

Answer 16

We perceive smooth, continuous patterns rather than discontinuous or broken down ones

Question 17

Connectedness

Answer 17

Having things in a line look connected

Question 18

Closure

Answer 18

Filling in gaps to create a complete, whole object

Question 19

Depth perception

Answer 19

Ability to see objects in 3d - allows us go judge distance

Question 20

Visual cliff

Answer 20

Devise for testing depth perception in infants and young animals

Question 21

Binocular cues

Answer 21

Depth cues that depend on the use of both eyes

Question 22

Retinal disparity

Answer 22

Binocular cue for perceiving depth by comparing images from both eyes and the brain computes distance

Question 23

Convergence

Answer 23

Binocular cues for perceiving depth by which the extent to which the eyes converge inward when looking at an object

Question 24

Monocular cues

Answer 24

Depth cues, interposition/linear perspective, available to either eye alone

Question 25

Relative size

Answer 25

Assuming 2 objects are similar in size, we perceive the one that casts the smaller retinal image as father away

Question 26

Interposition

Answer 26

If two objects partially blocks our view of another, we perceive it as closer

Question 27

Relative clarity

Answer 27

We perceive hazy objects as farther away and the sharp or clear objects

Question 28

Texture gradient

Answer 28

A gradual change from coarse distinct texture to a fine Indistinct texture signals increasing distance

Question 29

Relative height

Answer 29

We perceive objects higher in our field of vision as father away

Question 30

Relative motion

Answer 30

As we move, objects that are actually stable May appear to move. Riding a bus, look at a house it seems to move backwards

Question 31

Linear perspective

Answer 31

Parallel lines appear to converge with distance

Question 32

Light and shadow

Answer 32

Nearby objects reflect more light to our eyes. Given 2 identical objects, the dimmer one will seem father away

Question 33

Phi phenomenon

Answer 33

Illusion of movement created when when 2+ adjacent lights blink on and off in quick succession

Question 34

Stroboscopic movement

Answer 34

The brain will perceive continuous movement in a rapid series of slightly varying images

Question 35

Perceptual adaptation

Answer 35

In vision, ability to adjust to an artificially displaced or even inverted visual field

Question 36

Perceptual constancy

Answer 36

Perceiving objects as unchanging even as illumination and retinal images change

Question 37

Perceptual set

Answer 37

A mental predisposition to perceive one think and not another

Question 38

Human factors psychologists

Answer 38

Explores how people /machines interact and hoe machines and physical environments can be made safe and ready to use

Question 39

Extra sensory perception

Answer 39

Controversial claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input

Question 40

Parapsychology

Answer 40

Study of paranormal phenomena