Chapter 15- 1st half Flashcards
Sigmund Freud
Focused on the role of our unconscious and childhood experiences in deterring our personality
Personality
A persons characteristics pattern of thinking, feeling and acting
Free association
Psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how embarrassing or trivial
Psychoanalysis
Freuds theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motivates and conflicts
Unconscious
Part of the mind that contains material of which we are unaware but that strongly influences our behavior
Id
Unconscious system that drives you to do things in the heat of the moment without thinking of consequences or moral
Ego
Conscious division of personality that attempts to mediate between the id and superego
Superego
Division of personality that is focused on the morals and standards of society
Psychosexual stages
Childhood stages of development (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital) during which, according to Freud, the ids pleasure-seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones
Oedipus complex
Freud, a boys sexual desires toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father
Phallic stage
Identification
Freud, a process by which children incorporate their parents values to their developing superegos
Fixate
Being stuck in a psychosexual stage and unable to move to the next stage, until the fixated one is resolved
Defense mechanisms
Psychoanalytic theory, Freud, ego unconsciously protects itself against unpleasant impulses or circumstances
Repression
Psychoanalytic theory, defense mechanism that banishes anxious-arousing thoughts, feelings and memories from consciousness
Regression
Psychoanalytic defense mechanism in which a person faced with anxiety retreats to a more infantile psychosexual stage, where some psychic energy remains fixated
Rationalization
Defense mechanism that offers self-justifying explanations in the place of the real, more treating, unconscious reasons for ones actions
Denial
Refusal to accept the reality of something that makes you anxious
Projection
Defense mechanism when people disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others
“Hypocrite”
Reaction formation
Defense mechanism which causes the ego to unconsciously switch unacceptable impulses to their opposites
Displacement
Psychoanalytic defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive implies toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person, as when redirecting anger toward a safer outlet
Alfred Adler
Inferiority complex-a pattern of avoiding Feelings of inadequacy rather than trying to over come them
If people get things handed to them and don’t do things for themselves it has negative impact
Karen horney
Penis envy, thought that the social tensions and the people who surround us everyday allows for us to develop a personality
Childhood anxiety triggers our desire for love
Carl Jung
Focused on the universal principles common to all
Collective unconscious-part of the mind that contains inherited instincts, urges, and memories common to all people
Collective unconscious
part of the mind that contains inherited instincts, urges, and memories common to all people
Projective tests
Unstructured test in which a person is asked to respond freely
TAT (thematic apperception test)
Projective test, People express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about the pictures
Rorschach inkblot test
Most widely used projective test.
Set of 10 inkblots; seeks to identify people’s inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots
Objective personality test
A forced choice test , a person must select an answer, designed to study personality characteristics
