Chapter 5 book (exam2) Flashcards
Non-mutually Exclusive proximate hypotheses for how animals manage their priorities over time
Endogenous Clock Hypothesis
Environmental Stimulus Hypothesis
Endogenous Clock Hypothesis
An endogenous timing mechanism with a built-in schedule acts independently of any cues from the animals surroundings to control how animals change priorities over time
Environmental Stimulus Hypothesis
Animals use feedback information from the surrounding environment to change priorities over time
Free-Running Cycle
A cycle of activity (such as in crickets) that is not matched by environmental cues
Circadian Rhythm (means “about the day”)
environmental-independent internal rhythm consistent with the endogenous hypothesis; a cyclical pattern
Entrained
unlike a free-running cycle, this cycle does not drift out of phase with the 24-hour day but is reset (or entrained) each day so that it begins a the same time in relation to lights-out
Circannual Rhythm
Runs on an approximately 365-day cycle
Photoperiod
number of hours of light in a 24-hour period
Reproductive Readiness Hypothesis
The idea that opportunistically breeding species of birds living in unpredictable environments maintain a state of reproductive readiness that enables them to rapidly take advantage of appropriate changes in rainfall and food availability
Activational Effect
immediate but temporary regulatory effect of a hormone
Organizational Effect
A phenomenon where some hormones - including these and other steroids - can also permanently affect the nervous system during development and cause permanent changes to physiology and behavior
Associated Reproductive Pattern
Hormonal signals that refulate animal sexual behaviro that often lead to increases in both gamete production and sexual activity
Challenge Hypothesis
Testosterone promotes affression only when it should be most benefical for reproduction, such as for mate gaurding or repelling rival mates
Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis
A cascade of reproductive hormones (p.177)
Dissociated Reprodictive Pattern
example of red-sided garter snakes (P. 178)
