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Medical Terminology > Chapter 4 (3) - Integumentary System > Flashcards

Chapter 4 (3) - Integumentary System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Alopecia

A

Lack of hair in spots; Baldness

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1
Q

Adipose

A

Fatty; Relating to fat

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2
Q

Apocrine Glands

A

Glands that appear during and after puberty and secrete sweat, as from the armpits

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3
Q

Ceruminous Glands

A

Glands that secrete a waxy substance on the surface of the ear

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4
Q

Collagen

A

Major protein substance that is tough and flexible and that forms connective tissue in the body

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5
Q

Cuticle

A

Thin band of epidermis that surrounds the edge of nails, except at the top

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6
Q

Dermis

A

Layer of skin beneath the epidermis containing blood vessels, nerves, and some glands

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7
Q

Diaphoresis

A

Excretion of fluid by the sweat glands; sweating

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8
Q

Eccrine Glands

A

Sweat glands that occur all over the body, except where the apocrine glands occur

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9
Q

Epidermis

A

Outer portion of the skin containing several strata

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10
Q

Exocrine Glands

A

Glands that secrete through ducts toward the outside of the body

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11
Q

Integument

A

Skin and all the elements that are contained within and arise from it

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12
Q

Keratin

A

Hard, horny protein that forms nails and hair

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13
Q

Lunula

A

Half-moon shaped area at the base of the nail plate

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14
Q

Melanocyte

A

Cell in the epidermis that produces melanin

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15
Q

Papillary Layer

A

Thin sublayer of the dermis containing small papillae (nipple-like masses)

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16
Q

Pore

A

Opening or hole, particularly in the skin

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17
Q

Reticular Layer

A

Bottom sublayer of the dermis containing reticula (network of structures with connective tissue between)

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18
Q

Sebaceous Glands

A

Glands in the dermis that open to hair follicles and secrete sebum

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19
Q

Sebum

A

Oily substance, usually secreted into the hair follicle

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20
Q

Squamous Epithelium

A

Flat, scaly layer of cells that makes up the epidermis

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21
Q

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

A

Layers of epithelial cells that make up the strata of epithelium of the epidermis

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22
Q

Stratum

A

Layer of tissue, especially a layer of the skin

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23
Q

Stratum Corneum

A

Top sublayer of the epidermis

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24
Q

Striae

A

Stretch marks made in the collagen fibers of the dermis

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25
Q

Subcutaneous Layer

A

Bottom layer of the skin containing fatty tissue

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26
Q

Dermatology

A

Medical specialty that deals with diseases of the skin

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27
Q

Exudate

A

Any fluid excreted out of tissue, especially fluid excreted out of an injury to the skin

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28
Q

Mantoux Test

A

Test for tuberculosis in which a small dose of tuberculin is injected intradermally with a syringe

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29
Q

PPD

A

Purified protein derivative of tuberculin

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30
Q

Schick Test

A

Test for diphtheria

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31
Q

Scratch Test

A

Test for allergic sensitivity in which a small amount of antigen is scratched onto the surface of the skin

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32
Q

Abscess

A

Localized collection of pus and other exudate, usually accompanied by swelling and redness

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33
Q

Acne

A

Inflammatory eruption of the skin, occurring in or near sebaceous glands on the face, neck, shoulder, or upper back

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34
Q

Albinism

A

Rare, congenital condition causing either partial or total lack of pigmentation

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35
Q

Alopecia Areata

A

Loss of hair in patches

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36
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

Slow-growing cancer of the basal cells of the epidermis, usually a result of sun damage

37
Q

Bulla

A

Bubble-like blister on the surface of the skin

38
Q

Callus

A

Mass of hard skin that forms asa cover over broken skin on certain areas of the body, especially the feet and hands

39
Q

Candidiasis

A

Yeastlike fungus on the skin, caused by Candida; characterized by pruritus, white exudate, peeling, and easy bleeding; examples are thrush and diaper rash

40
Q

Carbuncle

A

Infected area of the skin producing pus and usually accompanied by fever

41
Q

Cellulitis

A

Severe inflammation of the dermis and subcutaneous portions of the skin, usually caused by an infection that enters the skin through and opening, as a wound characterized by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling

42
Q

Chloasma

A

Group of fairly large, pigmented facial patches, often associated with pregnancy

43
Q

Comedo

A

Open hair follicle filled with bacteria and sebum; common in acne; blackhead

44
Q

Cyst

A

Abnormal sac containing fluid

45
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

A

Chronic Ulcer on skin over bony parts that are under constant pressure; pressure sore

46
Q

Dermatitis

A

Inflammation of the skin

47
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Purplish skin patch (bruise) caused by broken blood vessels beneath the surface

48
Q

Eczema

A

Severe inflammatory condition of the skin, usually of unknown cause

49
Q

Fissure

A

Deep slit in the skin

50
Q

Furuncle

A

Localized skin infection, usually in a hair follicle and containing pus; boil

51
Q

Gangrene

A

Death of an area of skin, usually caused by loss of blood supply to the area

52
Q

Herpes

A

An inflammatory skin disease caused by viruses of the family Herpesviridae

53
Q

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

A

Herpes the recurs on the lips and around the area of the mouth, usually during viral illnesses or states of stress

54
Q

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2

A

Herpes that recurs on the genitalia; can be easily transmitted from one person to another through sexual contact

55
Q

Herpes Zoster

A

Painful herpes that affects nerve roots; shingles

56
Q

Impetigo

A

A type of pyoderma

57
Q

Keloid

A

Thick scarring of the skin that forms after an injury or surgery

58
Q

Keratosis

A

Lesion on the epidermis containing keratin

59
Q

Leukoplakia

A

White patch of mucous membrane on the tongue or cheek

60
Q

Macule

A

Small, flat, noticeably colored spot on the skin

61
Q

Neoplasm

A

Abnormal tissue growth

62
Q

Nodule

A

Small knob of tissue

63
Q

Onychia

Onychititis

A

Inflammation of the nail

64
Q

Onychopathy

A

Disease of the nail

65
Q

Papule

A

Small, solid elevation on the skin

66
Q

Paronychia

A

Inflammation, with pus, of the fold surrounding the nail plate

67
Q

Pemphigus

A

Autoimmune disease that causes skin blistering

68
Q

Petechia

A

A tiny hemorrhage beneath the surface of the skin

69
Q

Pilonidal

A

Cyst containing hair, usually found at the lower end of the spinal column

70
Q

Plantar Wart

A

Wart on the sole of the foot

71
Q

Polyp

A

Bulging mass of tissue that projects outward from the skin surface

72
Q

Pruritus

A

Itching

73
Q

Psoriasis

A

Chronic skin condition accompanied by scaly lesions with extreme pruritus

74
Q

Purpura

A

Skin condition with extensive hemorrhages underneath the skin covering a wide area

75
Q

Pustule

A

Small elevation on the skin containing pus

76
Q

Pyoderma

A

Any inflammation of the skin that produces pus

77
Q

Rosacea

A

Vascular disease that causes blotchy, red parches on the skin, particularly on the nose and cheeks

78
Q

Rubella

A

Disease that causes a viral skin rash; German measles

79
Q

Scabies

A

Skin eruption caused by a mite burrowing into the skin

80
Q

Scleroderma

A

Thickening of the skin caused by an increase in collagen formation

81
Q

Sebaceous Cyst

A

Cyst containing yellow sebum

82
Q

Seborrhea

A

Overproduction of sebum by the sebaceous glands

83
Q

Shingles

A

Viral disease affecting peripheral nerves and caused by herpes zoster

84
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A

Cancer of the squamous epithelium

85
Q

Telangiectasia

A

A permanent dilation of the small blood vessels

86
Q

Tinea

A

Fungal infection; ringworm

87
Q

Ulcer

A

Open lesion, usully with superficial loss of tissue

88
Q

Varicella

A

Contagious skin disease, usually occurring during childhood, and often accompanied by the formation of pustules; chicken pox

89
Q

Vitiligo

A

Condition in which white patches appear on otherwise normally pigmented skin

90
Q

Whitehead

A

Closed comedo that does not contain the dark bacteria present in blackheads

Medical Terminology (20 decks)

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