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Medical Terminology > Chapter 1 - Word Root and Combining Form > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Word Root and Combining Form Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Crin(o)

A

Secrete

Crinogenic - causing secretion

Endocrine - gland that secretes internally into systemic circulation

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1
Q

Cry(o)

A

Cold

Cryocautery - destruction of tissue by freezing

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2
Q

Coni (o)

A

Dust

Coniometer - Device for measuring dust

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3
Q

Cine (o)

A

Movement

Cineradiography - imaging of an organ in motion

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4
Q

Chym (o)

A

Chyme, Semifluid, production of chyme in stomach

Chymopoiesis - present during digestion

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5
Q

Chly (o)

A

Chle, a digestive juice

Chylopoiesis - production of chyle in the intestine

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6
Q

Chem (o)

A

Chemical

Chemolysis - Chemical decomposition

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7
Q

Carcin (o)

A

Cancer

Carcinogen - cancer producing substance

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8
Q

Calc (o)

Calci (o)

A

Calcium

Calcipenia - Calcium deficiency

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9
Q

Cac (o)

A

Bad, ill

Cacomelia - congenital limb deformity

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10
Q

Blasto

A

Immature cells

Glioblastoma - growth consisting of immature neural cells

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11
Q

Bio

A

Life

Biopsy - Sampling of tissue from living patient

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12
Q

Basi (o)

A

Base

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13
Q

Bas (o)

A

Base

Basophilic - having an affinity toward basic dye (said of tissue)

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14
Q

Bar (o)

A

Weight, Pressure

Barostat - Pressure regulating device

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15
Q

Bacteri (o)

A

Bacteria

Bacteriogenic - Caused by bacteria

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16
Q

Bacill (i)

A

Bacilli, Bacteria

Bacilliform - rod shaped bacteria

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17
Q

Athero

A

Plaque, Fatty Substance

Aetheroma - swelling on the surface of an artery from a fatty deposit

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18
Q

Andro

A

Masculine

Androblastoma - testicular tumor

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19
Q

Amyl (o)

A

Starch

Amylophagia - abnormal craving for starch

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20
Q

Dips (o)

A

Thirst

Dipsomania - alcoholism

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21
Q

Dextr (o)

A

Right, Toward the Right

Dextrocardia - displacement of the heart to the right

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22
Q

Cyt (o)

A

Cell

Cytoarchitecture - arrangement of cells in tissue

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23
Q

Cyst (o)

A

Bladder, Cyst, Cystic Duct

Cystoid - bladder shaped

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24
Q

Cycl (o)

A

Circle, Cycle, Ciliary Body

Cyclectomy - removal of a part of a ciliary body

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25
Q

Cyan (o)

A

Blue

Cyanopsia - condition following a cataract operation in which all objects appear blue

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26
Q

Crypt (o)

A

Hidden, Obscure

Cryptogenic - of obscure origin

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27
Q

Algo

A

Pain

Algospasm - pain caused b a spasm

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28
Q

Algesi

A

Pain

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29
Q

Aer (o)

A

Air, Gas

Aerogen - gas producing microorganism

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30
Q

Actin (o)

A

Light

Actinotherapy - UV therapy used in Dermatology

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31
Q

Acanth (o)

A

Spiny, Thorny

Acanthoid - spine shaped

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32
Q

Chrono

A

Time

Chronometry - measurement of time intervals

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33
Q

Chrom

Chromat

Chromo

A

Color

Chromatogenos - producing color

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34
Q

Chore (o)

A

Dance

Choreoathetosis - abnormal body movements

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35
Q

Chondrio

Chondro

A

Cartilage, Grainy, Gritty

Chondrocyte - cartilage cell

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36
Q

Chlor (o)

A

Chlorine, Green

Chloruresis - excretion of chlorine in urine

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37
Q

Erythr (o)

A

Red, Redness

Erythroclasis - fragmentation of red blood cells

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38
Q

Ergo

A

Work

Ergograph - instrument of measuring work of muscular contractions

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39
Q

Eosin (o)

A

Red, Rosy

Eosinophilic - staining readily with certain dyes

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40
Q

Electr (o)

A

Electricity, Electric

Electrocardiogram - graphic recording of hearts electrical currents

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41
Q

Echo

A

Reflected sound

Echocardiogram - ultrasound recording of the heart

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42
Q

Dynamo

A

Force, Energy

Dynamometer - instrument for measuring muscular power

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43
Q

Dors (o)

Dorsi

A

Back

Dorsalgia - upper back pain

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44
Q

Esthesio

A

Sensation, Perception

Esthesiometry - measurement of tactile sensibility

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45
Q

Ethmo

A

Ethmoid Bone

Ethmonasal - relating to the ethmoid and nasal bones

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46
Q

Etio

A

Cause

Etiopathology - study of the cause of an abnormality or disease

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47
Q

Fibr (o)

A

Fiber

Fibroplastic - producing fibrous tissue

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48
Q

Fluor (o)

A

Light; Luminous; Fluorine

Fluorochrome - fluorescent contrast medium

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49
Q

Fungi

A

Fungus

Fungicide - substance that destroys fungi

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50
Q

Galact (o)

A

Milk

Galactophoritis - inflammation of the milk ducts

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51
Q

Gen (o)

A

Producing; Being Born

Genoblast - nucleus of a fertilized ovum

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52
Q

Gero

Geront (o)

A

Old Age

Gerontology - study of the problems of aging

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53
Q

Gluco

A

Glucose

Glucogenic - producing glucose

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54
Q

Glyco

A

Sugars

Glycopenia - sugar deficiency

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55
Q

Gonio

A

Angle

Goniometer - instrument for measuring angles

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56
Q

Granulo

A

Granular

Granuloma - small, granular lesion

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57
Q

Gyn (o)

Gyne

Gyneco

A

Women

Gynopathy - disease peculiar to women

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58
Q

Home (o)

Homo

A

Same; Constant

Homeoplasia - formation of new, similar tissue

59
Q

Hydr (o)

A

Hydrogen, water

Hydrocephaly - condition characterized by excessive fluid accumulation in the head

60
Q

Hypn (o)

A

Sleep

Hypnogenesis - induction of sleep

61
Q

Iatr (o)

A

Physician; Treatment

Iatrogenic - produced or caused by treatment or diagnostic procedure

62
Q

Ichthy (o)

A

Dry; Scaly; Fish

Ichthyotoxism - poisoning by fish

63
Q

Idio

A

Distinct; Unknown

Idiopathic - of unknown origin (of said disease)

64
Q

Immun (o)

A

Safe; Immune

Immunodeficient - lacking in some essential immune function

65
Q

Kal (i)

A

Potassium

Kalemia - presence of potassium in the blood

66
Q

Karyo

A

Nucleus

Karyolysis - destruction of a cell nucleus

67
Q

Ket (o)

Keton (o)

A

Ketone; Acetone

Ketogenesis - metabolic production of ketones

68
Q

Kin (o)

Kine

A

Movement

Kinesthesia - perception of movement

69
Q

Kinesi (o)

Kineso

A

Motion

Kinesiology - study of movement

70
Q

Kyph (o)

A

Humpback

Kyphoscoliosis - kyphosis combined with scoliosis

71
Q

Lact (o)

Lacti

A

Milk

Lactogen - agent that stimulates milk production

72
Q

Latero

A

Lateral, to one side

Lateroduction - movement to one side

73
Q

Lepto

A

Light, Frail, Thin

Leptomeninges - two delicate layers of meninges

74
Q

Leuk (o)

A

White

Leukoblast - immature white blood cell

75
Q

Lip (o)

A

Fat

Lipoblast - embryonic fat cell

76
Q

Lith (o)

A

Stone

Lithotomy - operation for removal of stones

77
Q

Log (o)

A

Speech, Words, Thought

Logopathy - speech disorder

78
Q

Lys (o)

A

Dissolution

Lysemia - dissolution of red blood cells

79
Q

Macr (o)

A

Large; Long

Macromelia - abnormally sized limb

80
Q

Medi (o)

A

Middle; Medial Plane

Mediolateral - relating to the medial plane and one side of the body

81
Q

Meg (a)

Megal (o)

A

Large; Million

Megaloencephaly - abnormally large brain

82
Q

Melan (o)

A

Black; Dark

Melanoderma - abnormal skin darkening

83
Q

Mes (o)

A

Middle; Median

Mesocephalic - having a medium-sized head

84
Q

Micr (o)

A

Small; One-millionth; Tiny

Microorganism - tiny organism

85
Q

Mio

A

Smaller; Less

Miopragia - lessened functional activity

86
Q

Morph (o)

A

Structure; Shape

Morphology - study of the structure of animals and plants

87
Q

Narco

A

Sleep; Numbness

Narcolepsy - sleep disorder

88
Q

Necr (o)

A

Death; Dying

Necrology - study of the cause of death

89
Q

Noct (i)

A

Night

Nocturia - urination at night

90
Q

Normo

A

Normal

Normocyte - normal red blood cell

91
Q

Nucle (o)

A

Nucleus

Nucleotoxin - poison that acts upon a cell nucleus

92
Q

Nyct (o)

A

Night

Nyctalopia - reduced ability to see at night

93
Q

Oncho

Onco

A

Tumor

Oncolysis - Destruction of a tumor

94
Q

Orth (o)

A

Straight; Normal

Orthodontics - dental specialty concerned with correction of tooth placement

95
Q

Oxy

A

Sharp; Acute; Oxygen

Oxyphonia - shrillness of voice

96
Q

Pachy

A

Thick

Pachyonychia - abnormal thickening of the nails

97
Q

Path (o)

A

Disease

Pathogen - disease-causing substance

98
Q

Phago

A

Eating; Devouring; Swallowing

Phagocyte - cell that ingests bacteria and other particles

99
Q

Pharmaco

A

Drugs; Medicine

Pharmacology - the science of drugs, including their sources, uses and interactions

100
Q

Phon (o)

A

Sound; Voice; Speech

Phonometer - instrument for measuring sound

101
Q

Physi

Physio

A

Physical; Natural

Physiotherapy - physical therapy

102
Q

Phsyo

A

Air; Gas; Growing

Phsyocele - swelling due to gas

103
Q

Phyt (o)

A

Plant

Phytoxin - substance from plants that is similar to bacterial toxin

104
Q

Plasma

A

Formative; Plasma

Plasmapheresis - separation of blood into parts

105
Q

Poikilo

A

Varied; Irregular

Poikilocyte - irregularly shaped red blood cell

106
Q

Pseud (o)

A

False

Pseudodiabetes - false positive test for sugar in the urine

107
Q

Pyo

A

Pus

Pyocyst - cyst filled with pus

108
Q

Pyreto

A

Fever

Pyretogenous - causing fever

109
Q

Radio

A

Radiation; x-ray; Radius

Radiography - x-ray examination

110
Q

Salping (o)

A

Tube

Salpingectomy - removal of the fallopian tube

111
Q

Schisto

A

Split

Schistocytosis - bladder fissure

112
Q

Schiz (o)

A

Split; Division

Schizophrenia - a spectrum of mental disorders often with a disorder in perception

113
Q

Scler (o)

A

Hardness; Hardening

Scleroderma - thickening and hardness of the skin

114
Q

Scolio

A

Crooked; Bent

Scoliometer - instrument for measuring curves

115
Q

Scoto

A

Darkness

Scotograph - appliance for helping the blind to write

116
Q

Sidero

A

Iron

Sideropenia - abnormally low level of iron in the blood

117
Q

Sito

A

Food; Grain

Sitotoxin - any food poisoning

118
Q

Somat (o)

A

Body

Somatogenic - originating in the body

119
Q

Somn (o)

Somni

A

Sleep

Somnambulism - sleepwalking

120
Q

Sono

A

Sound

Sonomotor - relating to movements caused by sound

121
Q

Spasmo

A

Spasm

Spasmolytic - agent that relieves spasms

122
Q

Spher (o)

A

Round; Spherical

Spherocyte - spherical red blood cell

123
Q

Spir (o)

A

Breath; Breathe

Spiroscope - device for measuring lung capacity

124
Q

Squamo

A

Scale; Squamous

Squamofrontal - relating to the squamous part of the frontal bone

125
Q

Staphyl (o)

A

Grapelike clusters

Staphylococus - a common species that is the cause of a variety of infections

126
Q

Steno

A

Narrowness

Stenocephaly - narrowness of the head

127
Q

Stere (o)

A

Three-dimensional

Sterology - study of three-dimensional aspects of a cell

128
Q

Strepto

A

Twisted chains; Streptococci

Streptococcus - a common organism that can cause various infections

129
Q

Styl (o)

A

Peg-shaped

Styloid - peg-shaped; said of a bony growth

130
Q

Syring (o)

A

Tube

Syringitis - inflammation of the eustachian tube

131
Q

Tel (o)

Tele (o)

A

Distant; End; Complete

Telophase - final stages of mitosis or meiosis

132
Q

Terato

A

Monster (as a malformed fetus)

Teratogen - agent that causes a malformed fetus

133
Q

Therm (o)

A

Heat

Thermometer - an instrument for measuring temperature

134
Q

Tono

A

Tension; Pressure

Tonometer - instrument for measuring pressure

135
Q

Top (o)

A

Place; Topical

Topography - description of a body part in terms of a specific surface area

136
Q

Tox (i)

Toxico

Toxo

A

Poison; Toxin

Toxipathy - disease due to poisoning

137
Q

Tropho

A

Food; Nutrition

Trophocyte - Cell that provides nutrition

138
Q

Vivi

A

Life

Viviparous - giving birth to living young

139
Q

Xanth (o)

A

Yellow

Xanthoderma - yellowish skin

140
Q

Xeno

A

Stranger

Xenophobia - extreme fear of strangers or foreigners

141
Q

Xer (o)

A

Dry

Xerasia - dry and brittle hair condition

142
Q

Xiph (o)

A

Sword; Xiphoid

Xiphocostal - relating to the xiphoid process and the ribs

143
Q

zo (o)

A

Life

Zooblast - animal cell

144
Q

Zym (o)

A

Fermentation; Enzyme

Zymogram - strips of paper for testing for location of enzymes

Medical Terminology (20 decks)

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