Chapter 34

Question 1

glucometer

Answer 1

device for measuring blood glucose

Question 2

glucosuria

Answer 2

glucose in urine

Question 3

hematuria

Answer 3

blood in urine

Question 4

hemoptysis

Answer 4

bloody sputum

Question 5

ketone

Answer 5

acetone / ketone body; substance appearing in urine from rapid fat breakdown for energy

Question 6

melena

Answer 6

black tarry stool

Question 7

sputum

Answer 7

mucus expelled from respiratory system through mouth
- easier collected in morning; only water mouth rinse no other oral care

Question 8

how to correctly collect a specimen ?

Answer 8

• clean / correct container
• inside untouched
• collected at correct time
• container is labeled w/ person present
• if person menstruating tell nurse
• bagged in biohazard bag

Question 9

what must be identified before collecting sample ?

Answer 9

check ID bracelet against requisition slip info
- person state / spell full name
- person states DOB
- person states who ordered test (dr. / APRN)

Question 10

random urine specimen

Answer 10

used for routine urinalysis
- no special measures
- anytime in 24 hour timeframe

Question 11

about how much urine should be in specimen container for random urine specimen ?

Answer 11

120mL; 4oz

Question 12

midstream specimen (clean voided / catch specimen)

Answer 12

start urine, stop, then collect urine after starting again
- perineal is cleaned first
- explain procedure / show to do it to person

Question 13

about how much urine should be in specimen container for midstream specimen ?

Answer 13

30-90mL; 1-3oz

Question 14

how to collect urine specimen from indwelling catheter ?

Answer 14

1) clamp drainage tubing of catheter
2) clean ports
3) connect syringe and aspirate urine into syringe
4) unclamp drainage tube

Question 15

24 hour urine specimen

Answer 15

all urine is collected in 24 hour time frame
- start collecting after first void

Question 16

when would 24 hour specimen be contaminated ?

Answer 16

• is a void wasn’t saved
• specimen contains toilet paper / stool

Question 17

normal pH of urine

Answer 17

4.6-8

Question 18

occult urine

Answer 18

blood in urine is unable to be seen

Question 19

how often is testing for glucose / ketones done ?

Answer 19

4 times a day
- 30 min before meals
- at bedtime

Question 20

presence of certain WBC in urine can mean what ?

Answer 20

UTI

Question 21

presence of proteins in urine can mean what ?

Answer 21

kidney / other diseases

Question 22

what are occult blood tests used for ?

Answer 22

screen for colon cancer / other digestive disorders

Question 23

how do you collect stool specimen into container ?

Answer 23

about 2 T of stool;
- middle of formed stool
- area of concern (pus, blood, mucus, etc.)
- middle, both ends of hard stool

Question 24

how much sputum should be collected ?

Answer 24

1-2 t
- 2-3 breaths before coughing it up
- person covers mouth and nose while coughing

Question 25

how / when is blood glucose testing done ?

Answer 25

• finger is poked w/ lancet to draw blood and placed onto reagent strip in glucometer
• before meals, at bedtime