Chapter 34 Flashcards
Collecting Specimens
glucometer
device for measuring blood glucose
glucosuria
glucose in urine
hematuria
blood in urine
hemoptysis
bloody sputum
ketone
acetone / ketone body; substance appearing in urine from rapid fat breakdown for energy
melena
black tarry stool
sputum
mucus expelled from respiratory system through mouth
- easier collected in morning; only water mouth rinse no other oral care
how to correctly collect a specimen ?
- clean / correct container
- inside untouched
- collected at correct time
- container is labeled w/ person present
- if person menstruating tell nurse
- bagged in biohazard bag
what must be identified before collecting sample ?
check ID bracelet against requisition slip info
- person state / spell full name
- person states DOB
- person states who ordered test (dr. / APRN)
random urine specimen
used for routine urinalysis
- no special measures
- anytime in 24 hour timeframe
about how much urine should be in specimen container for random urine specimen ?
120mL; 4oz
midstream specimen (clean voided / catch specimen)
start urine, stop, then collect urine after starting again
- perineal is cleaned first
- explain procedure / show to do it to person
about how much urine should be in specimen container for midstream specimen ?
30-90mL; 1-3oz
how to collect urine specimen from indwelling catheter ?
1) clamp drainage tubing of catheter
2) clean ports
3) connect syringe and aspirate urine into syringe
4) unclamp drainage tube
24 hour urine specimen
all urine is collected in 24 hour time frame
- start collecting after first void
when would 24 hour specimen be contaminated ?
- is a void wasn’t saved
- specimen contains toilet paper / stool
normal pH of urine
4.6-8
occult urine
blood in urine is unable to be seen
how often is testing for glucose / ketones done ?
4 times a day
- 30 min before meals
- at bedtime
presence of certain WBC in urine can mean what ?
UTI
presence of proteins in urine can mean what ?
kidney / other diseases
what are occult blood tests used for ?
screen for colon cancer / other digestive disorders
how do you collect stool specimen into container ?
about 2 T of stool;
- middle of formed stool
- area of concern (pus, blood, mucus, etc.)
- middle, both ends of hard stool
how much sputum should be collected ?
1-2 t
- 2-3 breaths before coughing it up
- person covers mouth and nose while coughing
