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Chapter 25 Flashcards

Urinary Needs

1
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination

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2
Q

functional incontinence

A

person has bladder control but is unable to use bathroom in time

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3
Q

hematuria

A

blood in the urine

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4
Q

mixed incontinence

A

combination of stress and urge incontinence

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5
Q

nocturia

A

frequent urination at night

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6
Q

oliguria

A

small amount of urination; less than 500mL in 24 hours

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7
Q

over-flow incontinence

A

urine leaks due to a full bladder

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8
Q

polyuria

A

abnormally large amounts of urine

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9
Q

reflex incontinence

A

urine is lost at predictable intervals w/ a specific amount of urine in the bladder at a time

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10
Q

stress incontinence

A

urine leaks during exercise / movements cause of pressure on bladder

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11
Q

transient incontinence

A

temp. / occasional incontinence that is reversed when cause is treated

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12
Q

urge incontinence

A

loss or urine in response to a sudden need to void; person cannot get to toilet in time

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13
Q

urinary frequency

A

voiding at frequent intervals

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14
Q

urinary incontinence (UI)

A

involuntary loss / leakage of urine

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15
Q

urinary retention

A

not being able to completely empty bladder

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16
Q

urination / voiding

A

need to void at once

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17
Q

average mL of urine produced a day ?

A

1500 mL

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18
Q

factors that affect urine production / frequency ?

A
  • age
  • disease
  • amount / kind of fluid ingested
  • salt
  • body temp.
  • perspiration
  • activity
  • some drugs
  • bladder problems
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19
Q

common fluids that increase urine production ?

A
  • coffee
  • tea
  • alcohol
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20
Q

what should you observe urine for ?

A
  • color
  • clarity
  • odor
  • amount (output)
  • particles
  • blood
21
Q

when should voiding device be cleaned and disinfected ?

22
Q

how to handle urination devices properly w/ both hands ?

A

one hand should be “clean” (it does not touch device)

23
Q

fracture bedpans are sued for what persons ?

A
  • w/ cats
  • in tractions
  • limited back motions
  • osteoporosis / arthritis
  • hip fracture / replacement surgery
24
Q

proper placement of fracture bedpan ?

A

the wide rim should be placed toward the back

25
info you need to know when assisting w/ bedpans ?
- type of bedpan - if person can raise their hips - if you can leave the room - if nurse needs to observe urine - what observations - when to report - persons concerns to report
26
how to handle metal bad pan properly ?
- warm w/ warm water and dry - use type of bed pan properly
27
how to place bedpan if person can raise hips ?
1) person pushes hips up by driving feet into mattress 2) assist w/ hand on lower back as needed 3) place waterproof under pad and slide bedpan properly underneath
28
how to place bedpan if person can't raise hips ?
1) turn person away from you 2) place waterproof under pad 3) place bedpan firmly against buttock 4) holding bedpan, turn person back supine
29
what bed position should bed pans be used in ?
sitting position (fowlers); whatever position is most comfortable for person
30
how often should you check on the person if you leave the room ?
every 5 min
31
how should you dispose of contents in bedpan ?
1) observe / take note of clarity, color, etc. 2) empty into toilet 3) rinse bedpan and empty rinse into toilet 4) flush toilet
32
how are urinal handled ?
- after use it is capped - emptied as soon as possible
33
why are urinals emptied as soon as possible ?
prevent spills, slipping and growth of microbes
34
info you need to know when assisting w/ bedpans ?
- position urinal is used (standing, sitting, lying) - help to gold / place it - if person needs support to stand; how many staff needed - if you need to stay - if nurse needs to observe urine - when to report - persons concerns to report
35
when are urinals cleaned / disinfected ?
after use
36
how should urinal always be positioned ?
downward to prevent spills
37
how should contents in urinal be disposed of ?
1) uncap urinal 2) note clarity, etc. 3) empty into toilet 4) rinse w/ cold water and empty rinse into toilet 5) flush toilet and clean / disinfect urinal
38
info you need to know when using commodes ?
- where its used (bedside / toilet) - how much help is needed - if can leave / need to stay - if nurse needs to observe elimination - what / when to report / record - persons concerns to report
39
goals of managing UI ?
- prevent UTIs - restore as much bladder function as psossible
40
measures to help prevent UTIs ?
- promoting fluid intake - keeping perineal area clean / dry - clean from front to back - wear cotton underwear
41
how to help person manage UI ?
- remind person to go - show them where to go / help them - bathroom / pathways clear / clutter-free - observe for need to void - report / help prevent incontinence
42
incontinence product layers ?
3 total layers; - top layer (underwear) - bottom layer (pants) - waterproof pad
43
info you need to know to apply incontinence products ?
- what product / size to use - if barrier cream is needed - what / when to report / record - persons concerns
44
what are adult diapers ?
nothing ! not a proper term for them; call them briefs, pads, underwear, etc.
45
how to put on new brief ?
1) remove used briefs / do perineal care 2) turn person side ways 3) apply new brief; should be centered w/ penis downward for men 4) turn person back supine 5) attach lower tabs; apply at slightly upward angle 6) attach upper tabs; apply horizontally / downward angle 7) smooth out / ensure comfort
45
removing / applying briefs ?
remove and apply front to back
46
methods of bladder training ?
1) pelvic floor muscle exercises - contract pelvic muscles 3-5sec and relax then contract again - repeated as needed 2) bladder re-training - urinate following a schedule - resist the urge when needed - slowly increasing time between scheduled voids
47
methods to help persons w/ dementia / confusion w/ bladder training ?
- schedule voiding intervals to follow person's own pattern (every 2 hours common) - prompted voiding monitoring, prompting, positive feedback (ask about need / tell to void / encourage normal voiding / awareness)

NURS105 (43 decks)

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