Chapter 28 Decolonization and new Prosperity

Question 1

Congress Party

Answer 1

India

-government party made of primarily Hindu’s

Question 2

Jawaharlar Nehru

Answer 2

Member of India Congress Party, demanded India full independence from Britain. Became Prime minister of independent India

Question 3

Mohandas Gandhi

Answer 3

Indian nationalist and spiritual leader who developed the practice of nonviolent disobedience that forced Great Britain to grant independence to India (1947). He was assassinated by a Hindu fanatic.

Question 4

Suez Canal Crisis

Answer 4

Egypt’s president Nasser seized control of the Suez Canal, until then it was controlled by the British and French interests. Egyptian control had threatened the the access of Great Britain and France to Persian Gulf oil supplies, essential to their industrial economies. The Suez intervention proved that without the support of the U. S. the nations of western Europe could no longer use military force to impose their will on the rest of the world.

Question 5

Indochina (Vietnam)

Answer 5

1945- France lost control of Indochina (Vietnam)

• Indochinese Communist Party (1929)
• Ho Chi Minh

Question 6

Ho Chi Minh

Answer 6

1950s and 60s; communist leader of North Vietnam; used geurilla warfare to fight anti-comunist, American-funded attacks under the Truman Doctrine; brilliant strategy drew out war and made it unwinnable

Question 7

Algeria

Answer 7

France had 2 allies at the time: Vietnam and Algeria.
1958- many people in France said they could no longer colonize Algeria, could not afford it. French military in Algeria wanted to stay so they revolted and wanted to take over the Government. The French, out of fear, went to De Gaulle for help. De Gaulle said ok, but only if he could make a new government (5th republic).

Question 8

National Liberation Front

Answer 8

NLF, Radical nationalist movement in Algeria; launched sustained guerrilla war against France in the 1950s; success of attacks led to independence of Algeria in 1958.

Question 9

Charles De Gaulle

Answer 9

He established the Fifth French Republic in 1958 and served until 1969. His foreign policy included: granting Algeria independence, withdrawing military forces from NATO, developing nuclear weapons

Question 10

John-Paul Sartre

Answer 10

Existentialist. Believed human being simply exist, turn up on the scene. Humans are alone with no God. Individuals must choose their own actions and are responsible for their own behavior.

Question 11

Albert Camus

Answer 11

(1913-1960) -French existentialist who stated that in spite of the general absurdity of human life, individuals could make rational sense out of their own existence through meaningful personal decision making.

Question 12

Samuel Beckett

Answer 12

20th C, Irish novelist, playwright, poet, essayist. Bleak outlook on human culture. Waiting for Godot. Nobel Prize. -His plays had no meaning and no individual identities

Question 13

” Baby Boom”

Answer 13

Higher birthrate after World War 2

• less death
• better health and diets
• more jobs
• more happiness

Question 14

“Green Revolution”

Answer 14

Large-scale commercial agriculture

• Tractors
• Pesticides
• Irrigation
• Larger farms
• –FEWER FARMS FED MORE PEOPLE

Question 15

Arab- Israeli War

Answer 15

A conflict that began in 1948 over the land once known as Palestine, now known as Israel. Israel won and took Jerusalem.
-6 day war

Question 16

OPEC

Answer 16

An organization of countries formed in 1961 to agree on a common policy for the production and sale of petroleum
-Controlled major oil sales

Question 17

Consumer Culture

Answer 17

People had more time and money for FUN

• Travel
• Movies
• computers
• Coca Cola
• Credit cards