Ch.5 The rise of Spain and England

Question 1

Spanish Armada

Answer 1

Spain’s great Navy

• 130 ships
• 30,000 men
• -destroyed by Sir Francis Drake

Question 2

Price Revolution

Answer 2

A large rise in the Price of Living in Spain due to high inflation

• Spain brought in Silver and Gold but did not export it
• led to the economic decline of Spain

Question 3

Bills of Exchange

Answer 3

• Basic form of checking, replaced precious metals, uniformly accepted
• Had the disadvantage that the account may be empty by the time the bill was cashed
• Used in the giro banking system

Question 4

Joint-Stock Co.’s

Answer 4

• Sold shares in a business to raise funds
• Shareholders rule company, share profits
• Was a way to fund colonies in the New World

Question 5

Ferdinand and Isabella

Answer 5

Married in 1469 and united the Spanish Empire

• Very CATHOLIC
• Aragon and Castile

Question 6

Cortes

Answer 6

• Spanish “parliament”

- manly focused on taxes

Question 7

Potosi

Answer 7

In Peru - 1545 - huge silver deposits discovered. Shipped back to Spain.
- financed expeditions of Philip II. Peruvian ores, Indian labor and Spanish management funded militant, anti-Protestant phase of counter-reformation.

Question 8

Charles V

Answer 8

Hapsburg ruler of Spain from 1516-56. Elected Holy Roman Emperor in 1519. He defended the Hapsburg lands from the Ottomans and decided to split the Hapsburg Spanish and Holy Roman lands between his son, Philip II, and his broher, Ferdinand I

Question 9

Philip II

Answer 9

Son of Charles V and a devout Catholic, he was the Hapsburg ruler of Spain from 1556-98. He led the Spanish Counter-Reformation but failed to invade Protestant England with his Spanish Armada.

Question 10

Escorial Palace

Answer 10

Philip II Ultimate symbol of Power

-great palace

Question 11

House of Tudor

Answer 11

The Tudor Dynasty was a European royal house of Welsh origin that ruled the Kingdom of England and its realms from 1485 until 1603.
The Tudor family rose to power in the wake of the Wars of the Roses.

Question 12

Henry VII

Answer 12

Started the Tudor Dynasties rule in England

• Protestant
• -act of supremacy
• star chamber
• –BROKE UP WITH CATHOLIC CHURCH

Question 13

Star Chamber

Answer 13

King Henrys VII secret official meeting room

• secret police
• forced compliance and arrested many people

Question 14

Mary Stuart

Answer 14

Catholic relative to Protestant Queen Elizabeth I of England. She allegedly plotted with Spain’s Philip II to overthrow Elizabeth and reassert Catholicism in England. Elizabeth had her executed.

Question 15

Elizabeth I

Answer 15

Queen of England from 1558 to 1603

• Set up National Church of England (anglican)
• Act of Uniformity/supremacy
• had MARY STUART killed (Catholic)

Question 16

Mary Tudor “Bloody Marry”

Answer 16

attempted to restore catholic church in England

-united Spain and England (very short time)

Question 17

Book of Common Prayer

Answer 17

The official prayer book and worship manual of Anglicanism. Charles I tried to impose it upon all Protestant churches in England- many people resisted.

Question 18

Act of Uniformity

Answer 18

Imposed Cranmer’s “Book of Common Prayer” on all English churches. Its successor imposed a revised edition of the work.

• fines for not attending church
• required public workshops

Question 19

Act of Supremacy

Answer 19

(1534) Made the King of England the supreme head of the Church of England
- Elizabeth = Governor of church
- ——-all must take oath to her

Question 20

Puritans

Answer 20

English protestants who opposed official church policy in England

Question 21

Sir Francis Drake

Answer 21

An English pirate

• circumnavigated the world in 1577-1580
• destroyed the Spanish Armada

Question 22

Gentry

Answer 22

Rich Englishmen who owned land and estates

-lived the noble life without the title

Question 23

Middling Sort

Answer 23

Men who had a steady income

• merchants, craftsmen
• kinda like middle class

Question 24

Sumptuary Laws

Answer 24

These regulated the dress of different classes forbidding people from wearing clothes of their social superiors
-a way of distinguishing classes

Question 25

William Shakespeare

Answer 25

Most famous English writer who wrote a series of popular stage plays (Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth)

Question 26

Globe Theatre

Answer 26

held 3,000 people

Question 27

The Decline of Spain

Answer 27

The rise in population coupled with inflation led to a weakening of industry and emigration. The expulsion of Jews and Moors in 1492 also contributed to the decline, as they were productive members of the economy.

Question 28

Dutch Revolt

Answer 28

(1566-79) Caused for religious reasons; Protestant Region in Northern Spanish Netherlands/Dutch Republic; they revolted against Spanish authority for political and religious independence from Spain

Question 29

William of Orange

Answer 29

Led Dutch nobles and official in revolt

Question 30

Price Revolution

Answer 30

• high inflation
• –import (no export) of precious metals)
• BANKRUPT SPAIN

Question 31

Count Olivares

Answer 31

• A favorite of Spain for King Philip IV
• Moved to the highest rank of the nobility
• Gained court appointments for relatives and political supporters
• Attempted to further the process of centralizing royal power
• Advocated aggressive foreign policy
• Philip IV dismissed him
o When domestic and foreign crises amounted