Chapter 18 Age of Liberalism and Britain, Russia, and France

Question 0

Queen Victoria

Answer 0

Queen of England, Victorian era

• happy middle class
• less church goers
• victorian age

Question 1

Great Exposition

Answer 1

1851- the first worlds fair in London

• 6million visitors
• 100,000 exhibits

Question 3

Crystal Palace

Answer 3

1,000,000 square foot structure at Great Exposition

Question 3

Alexander II

Answer 3

Tzar of Russia

• eliminated serfs :)
• attempted to reform Russia

Question 4

Aleksandr Pushkin

Answer 4

Russian author, attacked serfdom through his short stories

-very influential

Question 6

Emancipation

Answer 6

Serfs freed for the control of the wealthy after 1500 serf rebellions in Russia

Question 6

Mikhail Bakunin

Answer 6

Most famous anarchist

-led many revolts against Tsar

Question 7

Russo-Turkish War

Answer 7

1877-1878

Russia wanted to expand, marched to Constantinople, Russia won
-wanted to recover lost land from Crimean war

Question 9

Alexander III

Answer 9

Brutal policy towards revolutionists

• Russification (only Russian stuff at schools)
• More liberal reforms

Question 10

Russo- Japanese War

Answer 10

1904-1905

• Russia wanted land near China
• built railways to area
• Japan attacked and won

Question 11

Revolution of 1905

Answer 11

1891-1892: famine

1902: peasants attack noble land
1903: industrial strikes
1904: lost Ruso-Jap war
1905: 100,000 factory workers and nationalists protested on Bloody Sunday

Question 11

Duma

Answer 11

Result of 1905 revolution

• a parliament with power to enact laws
• semi constitutional monarchy

Question 12

October Manifesto

Answer 12

New Tzar Nicholas II

• promised a constitution, civil liberties, Duma
• wanted to calm people down

Question 13

Reform Bill 1867

Answer 13

Important step toward the democratization of Britain; by lowering the monetary requirements for voting (taxes paid or income earned), it by and large enfranchised many male workers; from 1 million to 2 million; helped Liberal victory, 1868

Question 14

Charles Darwin

Answer 14

British biologist who introduced the ideas of natural selection and evolution; argued that specific behaviors evolved because they led to advantages in survival or reproduction. Author of On the Origin of Species by the Means of Natural Selection

Question 15

Crimean War

Answer 15

Conflict between the Russian and Ottoman Empires fought primarily in the Crimean Peninsula. To prevent Russian expansion, Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans.

Question 16

Viscount Palmerston

Answer 16

Began political career as a Conservative, led the Whigs. “Lord Cupid”-outraged Queen V by trying to seduce ladies in waiting. Held together a coalition of Whigs determined to uphold laissez faire economic policies. Ordered the blockade of the Greek port of Piraeus in 1850 to enforce claims against Greek government. Led a small war against China in 1857 after China seized a pirate ship registered under the British flag. Refused to resign later and called for general election and based his appeal on patriotism.

Question 17

Home Rule

Answer 17

A bill proposed by Ireland that provided for their self governed independence from England.

Question 18

William Gladstone

Answer 18

British Liberal Party statesman and four times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1868-74, 1880-85, 1886, 1892-94). He was also Chancellor of the Exchequer and a champion of the Home Rule Bill which would have established self-government in Ireland. Intense rival with Benjamin Disraeli.

Question 19

Benjamin Disraeli

Answer 19

Leader of the Conservative party in England

• loved by the queen
• did not like Gladstone
• Once Prime minister

Question 20

Second Empire

Answer 20

December 2, 1852: Louis Napoleon assumed the title of Napoleon III; Second Empire begins; Napoleon III controls armed forces, police, and civil service & only he could introduce legislation and declare war

Question 21

Suez Canal

Answer 21

A canal by Egypt that allowed passage from the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea, which provided the fastest route by sea to reach Asia. Britain tried to control it to regulate trade.

Question 22

Franco-Prussian War

Answer 22

France = mad about K. William I putting Prince Leopold on throne of Spain, demanded apology; provoked by Bismarck; so France declares war on Prussia; July 15, 1870; @ Sedan, September 2, 1870, - entire French army + Napoleon III captured; French lose Alsace + Lorraine

Question 23

Paris Commune

Answer 23

An organization of disgruntled bourgeoisie members took over Paris in this. Adolphe Theirs organized an army to surround Paris and quell this uprising.

• temporary Provisional government
• ran things for a lil after Napoleon

Question 24

Third Republic

Answer 24

Established by Thiers, they established public education. this began a new patriotic nationalistic movement.

• CONSERVATIVE REPUBLIC
• MORE FREEDOMS

Question 25

Adolphe Thiers

Answer 25

He was a prime minister under King Louis-Philippe of France. Following the overthrow of the Second Empire he again came to prominence as the French leader who suppressed the revolutionary Paris Commune of 1871. From 1871 to 1873 he served initially as Head of State (effectively a provisional President of France), then provisional President

Question 26

Boulanger Affair

Answer 26

1889; the attempt by General Georges Boulanger to orchestrate his election to the presidency of France and establish a military dictatorship. He skillfully manipulated the press and photo opportunities to endear himself to the agrarian poor of France, while maintaining his base of support among conservatives. Still, the coup attempt failed when he did not receive enough votes.

Question 27

Dreyfus Affair

Answer 27

Captain Albert Dreyfus was accused of giving secret information to the Germans. He was a scapegoat(he was Jewish). Found guilty by a military court, sent to Devil’s Island. Evidence was reexamined. Determined that documents were formed to frame Dreyfus. Emile Zola exposes the truth. Leads to rise of anti-semtitism

Question 28

Georges Clemenceau

Answer 28

French statesman who played a key role in negotiating the Treaty of Versailles (1841-1929)