Chapter 23 - Managing the Great Depression, Forging the New Deal, 1929-1939

Question 1

Herbert Hoover

Answer 1

Republican 31st president who was largely unsuccessful in his handling of the Depression

Question 2

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

Answer 2

Democratic 32nd president; famous for his New Deal and leadership during WWII

Question 3

Father Charles Coughlin

Answer 3

popular radio priest of the 1930s who supported Roosevelt and the Democrats

Question 4

Huey Long

Answer 4

Louisiana governor and political threat to Roosevelt

Question 5

Frances Perkins

Answer 5

first woman to hold a U.S. Cabinet position (Secretary of Labor)

Question 6

Eleanor Roosevelt

Answer 6

politician, diplomat, activist, longest-serving First Lady

Question 7

Mary McLeod Bethune

Answer 7

educator and advocate for African American rights

Question 8

John Collier

Answer 8

social reformer and Native American advocate

Question 9

Smoot-Hawley Tariff

Answer 9

tax on imported goods that was intended to stimulate American manufacturing but triggered retaliatory tariffs in other countries (detering global trade)

Question 10

Bonus Army

Answer 10

group of 15,000 unemployed WWI veterans who set up camps near the Captiol building to demand immediate payment of pension awards

Question 11

fireside chats

Answer 11

FDR’s evening radio addresses

Question 12

Hundred Days

Answer 12

legendary session early in FDR’s administration in which Congress enacted fifteen major bills to combat the depression

Question 13

Glass-Steagall Act

Answer 13

created Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, which insured deposits up to $2,500 and prohibited banks from making risky investments with the deposits of ordinary people

Question 14

Agricultural Adjustment Act

Answer 14

began direct government regulation of the farm economy for the first time

Question 15

National Recovery Administration

Answer 15

set up separate self-governing private associations in 600 industries

Question 16

Public Works Administration

Answer 16

New Deal construction program established to put people back to work

Question 17

Civilian Conservation Corps

Answer 17

mobiilized 250,000 young men to do reforestation and conservation work

Question 18

Federal Housing Administration

Answer 18

agency established by the Federal Housing Act of 1934 that refinanced home mortgages for mortgage holders facing possible foreclosure

Question 19

Securities and Exchange Commission

Answer 19

established to regulate the stock market

Question 20

Liberty League

Answer 20

group of Republican business leaders and conservative Democrats who banded together to fight what they called the “reckless spending” and “socialist” reforms of the New Deal

Question 21

National Association of Manufacturers

Answer 21

association of indstrialists and business leaders who opposed government regulation

Question 22

Townsend Plan

Answer 22

plan proposed by Francis Townsend in 1933 that would give $200 a month to citizens over age sixty

Question 23

welfare state

Answer 23

industrial democracies that adopt government-guaranteed social welfare programs

Question 24

Wagner Act (1935)

Answer 24

upheld right of industrial workers to join unions

Question 25

Social Security Act of 1935

Answer 25

old-age pensions for workers, a joint federal-state system of compensation for unemployed workers, program of payments to widowed mothers / blind / deaf/ disabled

Question 26

classical liberalism

Answer 26

political ideology of individual liberty, private property, competitive market economy, free trade, limited government

Question 27

Works Progress Administration

Answer 27

provided government-funded public works jobs to millions of unemployed Americans during the Great Depression

Question 28

Roosevelt recession

Answer 28

recession from 1937 to 1938 that occurred after FDR cut the federal budget

Question 29

Keynesian economics

Answer 29

theory developed by John Maynard Keynes stating that purposeful government intervention in the economy can affect the level of overall economic activity and prevent severe depressions and inflation

Question 30

Indian Reorganization Act of 1934

Answer 30

reversed Dawes Act, gave Indians a greater degree of religious freedom, and recognized tribal governments

Question 31

dust bowl

Answer 31

a series of dust storms between 1930 and 1941 during which a severe drought afflicted Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Arkansas, and Kansas

Question 32

Tennessee Valley Authority

Answer 32

integrated flood control, reforestation, electricity generation, agricultural and industrial development

Question 33

Rural Electrification Administration

Answer 33

organization that offered loans to farmers to install power lines