Chapter 22: The Abdomen Flashcards
What is the overall shape of the abdomen?
A large oval cavity.
Which structure marks the upper boundary of the abdomen?
The diaphragm.
What forms the posterior boundary of the abdomen?
The vertebral column and paravertebral muscles.
How many quadrants is the abdominal wall divided into?
Four quadrants.
What organ is located in the right upper quadrant?
Liver.
Which of the following organs is found in the left upper quadrant?
Spleen.
What structure is associated with the right lower quadrant?
Appendix.
Which organ is part of both the right upper quadrant and abdomen?
Duodenum.
Which quadrant contains the left kidney?
Left upper quadrant.
What is the purpose of subjective assessments in abdominal assessment?
To gather personal and medical history related to abdominal health.
Which symptom is associated with dysphagia?
Difficulty swallowing.
What should be noted about bowel habits?
Regularity, consistency, and use of laxatives.
What is the first step in objective abdominal assessment preparation?
Ensure the patient’s abdominal wall is relaxed.
During which examination should bowel sounds be auscultated?
Before percussion and palpation.
What is meant by tympany in abdominal percussion?
Predominant sound due to air in intestines.
What does costovertebral angle tenderness indicate?
Possible kidney concerns or inflammation.
What technique should be used for initial palpation?
Start with light palpation.
What might guarding during palpation indicate?
Involuntary muscle contractions indicating discomfort.
Which dietary factor is important in subjective assessments?
Nutritional intake and dietary habits.
What is the primary purpose of palpation during an abdominal examination?
To assess size, location, and consistency of organs.
What is the first step in palpation techniques?
Begin with light palpation for overall impressions.
How deep should you push during deep palpation?
Approximately 5 to 8 cm.
Which criteria should be documented if a mass is detected?
Location, size, shape, consistency, and tenderness.
Where is the liver palpated during an examination?
In the right upper quadrant.
Which organ is palpated in the left upper quadrant?
Spleen.
What does the Alvarado Score assess for?
Risk of appendicitis.
What health promotion actions help liver health?
Discuss behaviors that prevent hepatitis.
Which hepatitis types have available vaccinations?
Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B.
What is used to check for rebound tenderness?
Blumberg’s sign.
Which structure is found in the Right Lower Quadrant of the abdomen in women?
Right ovary.
What do the Left Lower Quadrant structures include in men?
Left spermatic cord.
What is a key midline structure in the abdomen?
Aorta.
Which of the following is a common gastrointestinal issue in Canadians?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease.
What subjective data should be gathered regarding abdominal health?
Appetite.
What does dysphagia refer to in subjective assessments?
Difficulty swallowing.
Which of the following should be assessed for current medications?
Medication history.
What should be confirmed before conducting objective assessments?
Bladder is empty.
In performing an abdominal examination, what is crucial for accurate results?
Patient’s abdominal wall is relaxed.
What is one of the key components to inquire about for bowel habits?
Use of laxatives.
