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Jarvis: Physical Examination & Health Assessment, 4th Canadian Edition > Chapter 13: Skin, Hair, and Nails > Flashcards

Chapter 13: Skin, Hair, and Nails Flashcards

1
Q

What is considered the body’s largest organ system?
a) The skin.
b) The heart.
c) The liver.
d) The brain.

A

A

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2
Q

What is the primary function of the skin?
a) To regulate blood pressure.
b) To produce hormones.
c) To serve as a protective barrier.
d) To store energy.

A

C

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3
Q

What is the outermost layer of the skin called?
a) Epidermis.
b) Dermis.
c) Subcutaneous layer.
d) Adipose layer.

A

A

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4
Q

Which skin layer provides strength and elasticity?
a) Epidermis.
b) Stratum corneum.
c) Dermis.
d) Outer layer.

A

C

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5
Q

What is the subcutaneous layer primarily made of?
a) Nerve endings.
b) Adipose tissue.
c) Collagen fibers.
d) Muscle tissue.

A

B

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6
Q

Which of the following is NOT an epidermal appendage?
a) Hair.
b) Nails.
c) Sebaceous glands.
d) Muscle fibers.

A

D

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7
Q

How does the skin contribute to sensory perception?
a) By regulating blood flow.
b) By filtering toxins.
c) By storing fats.
d) By allowing the perception of touch and pain

A

D

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8
Q

What role does skin play in temperature regulation?
a) Increased blood supply.
b) Maintains body temperature.
c) Stimulates thirst.
d) Decreases respiration rate.

A

B

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9
Q

How does skin contribute to emotional communication?
a) Facilitates expression of emotions.
b) Regulates digestion.
c) Stores body fat.
d) Filters air.

A

A

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10
Q

What happens to skin during aging?
a) Increased oil production.
b) Thicker epidermal layer.
c) Easier access for chemicals and wrinkling.
d) Faster healing.

A

C

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11
Q

What is the subjective assessment of skin?
a) Gathering personal history and symptoms.
b) Measuring skin thickness.
c) Observing skin color.
d) Testing skin elasticity.

A

A

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12
Q

Which skin change can occur during pregnancy?
a) Increased collagen production.
b) Reduction in skin thickness.
c) Complete regeneration of skin.
d) Changes in pigmentation and stretch marks.

A

D

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13
Q

What is synthesized by the skin when exposed to sunlight?
a) Calcium.
b) Melanin.
c) Vitamin D.
d) Collagen.

A

C

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14
Q

What is a key function of the skin in relation to harmful substances?
a) Enhancing absorption.
b) Prevention of penetration.
c) Increasing perspiration.
d) Regulating blood flow.

A

B

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15
Q

What skin change is commonly associated with pregnancy?
a) Pigment changes.
b) Increased elasticity.
c) Decreased moisture.
d) Hair thinning.

A

A

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16
Q

What is a common skin issue that develops during pregnancy?
a) Skin lesions.
b) Age spots.
c) Stretch marks.
d) Fungal infections.

A

C

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17
Q

How does aging affect the stratum corneum?
a) Increases its thickness.
b) Decreases moisture retention.
c) Makes it easier for chemicals to penetrate.
d) Improves barrier function.

A

C

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18
Q

What skin change can contribute to wrinkling?
a) Aging effects.
b) Pigment changes.
c) Increased hydration.
d) Elastic fiber regeneration.

A

A

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19
Q

Which of the following is a subjective assessment technique?
a) Conducting a physical examination.
b) Performing lab tests.
c) Using imaging techniques.
d) Gathering information through targeted questions.

A

D

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20
Q

Which skin disease history should be assessed?
a) Recent sunburn.
b) Current acne.
c) New moles.
d) Past history of eczema.

A

D

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21
Q

What is a common allergic condition to assess in skin history?
a) Rosacea.
b) Vitiligo.
c) Melasma.
d) Hives.

A

D

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22
Q

Which condition results from a past history of skin disease?
a) Fungal infections.
b) Chemical burns.
c) Skin tags.
d) Psoriasis.

A

D

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23
Q

The assessment of hair and nails is aided by understanding what?
a) The diet of the patient.
b) Environmental factors only.
c) The condition of the skin.
d) The patient’s age.

A

C

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24
Q

Why is assessing past skin diseases important?
a) It defines treatment options.
b) It aids in clinical evaluations.
c) It helps determine age.
d) It predicts future skin color.

A

B

25
Q

What should be monitored for alterations in skin color?
a) Moisture levels
b) Nail changes
c) Pigmentation changes
d) Hair loss

A

C

26
Q

What indicates a need to assess an individual’s skin health?
a) Self-care behaviors
b) Medication use
c) Bruising capacity
d) Changes in existing moles

A

D

27
Q

Which skin condition involves itching sensations?
a) Dermatitis
b) Bruising
c) Pruritus
d) Erythema

A

C

28
Q

What could excessive bruising indicate?
a) Possible underlying skin issue
b) Normal skin aging
c) Inadequate self-care
d) Improper medication

A

A

29
Q

What should be documented during a skin assessment?
a) Hair loss incidents
b) Exercise frequency
c) Dietary habits
d) Sleep patterns

A

A

30
Q

What is important to evaluate regarding medications?
a) Their cost to patients
b) Their availability
c) Their dosage forms
d) Their impact on skin health

A

D

31
Q

In older adults, which condition is important for skin health?
a) Diabetes
b) Asthma
c) Osteoporosis
d) Hypertension

A

A

32
Q

What skin issue should be inquired about in infants?
a) Acne vulgaris
b) Psoriasis
c) Diaper rash
d) Eczema

A

C

33
Q

What safety measure should be emphasized?
a) Sun safety
b) Use of perfumes
c) Frequent washing
d) Applying makeup

A

A

34
Q

What practice should be discouraged due to skin cancer risks?
a) Moisturizing
b) Wearing sunscreen
c) Using tanning beds
d) Hydrating

A

C

35
Q

What should be observed during a skin inspection?
a) Skin temperature
b) Thickness of epidermis
c) Color and pigmentation
d) Pore size

A

C

36
Q

Where would lighter pigmentation typically be found?
a) Back and legs
b) Cheeks and forehead
c) Palms and nail beds
d) Shoulders and arms

A

C

37
Q

What should be inspected for subtle changes?
a) Skin texture
b) Skin tone
c) Skin hydration
d) Hair color

A

B

38
Q

What aspect of skin assessment involves palpation?
a) Measuring skin moisture
b) Assessing skin pigmentation
c) Recording body temperature
d) Feeling for raised lesions

A

D

39
Q

Which factors affect skin health in older adults?
a) Vision problems
b) Hearing loss
c) Digestive issues
d) Cardiovascular disease

A

D

40
Q

What areas typically show lighter pigmentation in dark-skinned individuals?
a) Forehead and cheeks.
b) Knees and elbows.
c) Back and arms.
d) Palms, nail beds, and lips.

A

D

41
Q

Why should health professionals monitor skin tone changes?
a) To assess cosmetic preferences.
b) To determine pain tolerance.
c) It can indicate the patient’s general health.
d) To evaluate diet choices.

A

C

42
Q

What should be examined for color changes during skin evaluation?
a) Fingernails and cuticles.
b) Body hair and temperature.
c) Mucous membranes and sclera.
d) Eyebrows and eyelashes.

A

C

43
Q

Which characteristic is NOT assessed during a comprehensive skin evaluation?
a) Temperature.
b) Skin contour.
c) Moisture.
d) Thickness.

A

B

44
Q

What does skin turgor indicate during assessment?
a) Skin color.
b) Skin temperature.
c) Skin moisture.
d) Skin elasticity.

A

D

45
Q

What should be documented if lesions are present on the skin?
a) Age, ethnicity, and gender.
b) Color, elevation, and shape.
c) Location, distribution, and size.
d) Texture, thickness, and turgor.

A

B

46
Q

When inspecting hair, what characteristics should be noted?
a) Length, strength, and style.
b) Shape, thickness, and color.
c) Color, texture, and distribution.
d) Volume, sheen, and elasticity.

A

C

47
Q

What check is essential during nail evaluation?
a) Nail shape consistency only.
b) Capillary refill should occur immediately.
c) Nail length and color match.
d) Nail polish condition assessment.

A

B

48
Q

What can indicate a scalp issue during hair assessment?
a) Scalp lesions or signs of infestations.
b) Color changes in hair strands.
c) Differences in hair density.
d) Excessive hair shedding only.

A

A

49
Q

Which feature should be monitored for edema during skin assessment?
a) Darkening of skin patches.
b) Appearance of fine wrinkles.
c) Swelling of the skin.
d) Pale skin appearance.

A

C

50
Q

Why is skin self-examination important?
a) It is only important for dermatologists.
b) It helps in early detection of skin issues.
c) It is necessary for cosmetic purposes.
d) It replaces regular dermatology visits.

A

B

51
Q

How often should individuals perform skin checks?
a) Only when skin changes are noticed.
b) Once a year during medical exams.
c) Every month regardless of condition.
d) Regularly, as per recommended techniques

A

D

52
Q

What is a primary strategy to minimize UV light exposure?
a) Wearing protective clothing.
b) Using high SPF moisturizer only.
c) Staying indoors all day.
d) Using a tanning bed.

A

A

53
Q

What should be discussed regarding sunscreen use?
a) It should be applied regularly and correctly.
b) Only needed on sunny days.
c) It is not necessary for all skin types.
d) Only required if sunburn occurs.

A

A

54
Q

What are Mongolian Spots?
a) A serious skin condition.
b) A type of birthmark.
c) Common skin variations in newborns.
d) Symptoms of an allergic reaction.

A

C

55
Q

What are senile lentigines commonly referred to?
a) Skin cancer symptoms.
b) Age spots that are benign.
c) Signs of severe dehydration.
d) Conditions requiring immediate treatment.

A

B

56
Q

What are keratoses?
a) Benign growths that can appear with aging.
b) Tumors needing surgical removal.
c) Malignant skin diseases.
d) Symptoms of skin infections.

A

A

57
Q

What is a recommended protective measure against UV rays?
a) Using less soap during showers.
b) Wearing dark sunglasses exclusively.
c) Seeking shade during peak sunlight.
d) Applying lotion after sun exposure.

A

C

58
Q

What should older adults be educated about regarding their skin?
a) All skin changes are harmful.
b) Hydration is not an issue for older skin.
c) The benign nature of age spots.
d) Age spots should always be treated.

A

C

Jarvis: Physical Examination & Health Assessment, 4th Canadian Edition (38 decks)

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