Chapter 19: Thorax and Lungs Flashcards
What structures make up the thoracic cage?
Sternum, ribs, thoracic vertebrae, diaphragm
Where are costochondral junctions located?
Where ribs connect to cartilages
Which part of the sternum is NOT one of its sections?
Coracoid process
The sternal angle aligns with which rib?
Second rib
What does the costal angle indicate?
Where costal margins meet at the xiphoid
What is the vertebra prominens?
Bony prominence of the seventh cervical vertebra
Where can the inferior border of the scapula typically be found?
At the seventh or eighth rib
Which line is NOT used for the chest examination?
Lateral femoral line
The midclavicular line is found in which area?
Anterior chest
What is the primary function of the diaphragm?
Forms the floor of the thoracic cavity
Which lines are used for anterior chest assessment?
Midsternal line and midclavicular line
For posterior chest evaluation, which lines are essential?
Vertebral line and scapular line
What lines are utilized for lateral chest examination?
Anterior, posterior, and midaxillary lines
What does the mediastinum contain?
Esophagus, trachea, heart, great vessels
Where are the pleural cavities located?
On either side of the mediastinum
What is the primary function of the pleural cavities?
They contain the lungs
How high is the apex of the lungs above the clavicles?
3 to 4 cm above the inner clavicles
Where does the base of the lungs rest?
On the diaphragm
What distinguishes the right lung from the left lung?
The right lung has three lobes, left has two.
Where do the lungs extend anteriorly in the right midclavicular line?
To the fifth intercostal space.
How many ribs do the lungs extend to laterally?
From the apex of the axilla to the seventh or eighth rib.
What marks the posterior apex of the lungs?
C7 vertebra.
What is the role of the pleural cavity?
It contains lubricating fluid and maintains negative pressure.
What type of pressure does the pleural cavity maintain?
Negative pressure.
