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Jarvis: Physical Examination & Health Assessment, 4th Canadian Edition > Chapter 16: Ears > Flashcards

Chapter 16: Ears Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of the ear?
a) Breathing and regulating temperature
b) Hearing and maintaining equilibrium
c) Smelling and tasting
d) Producing sound and light

A

B

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2
Q

Which part of the ear is known as the pinna?
a) External Ear
b) Middle Ear
c) Inner Ear
d) Tympanic Membrane

A

A

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3
Q

Which structure is NOT a landmark of the external ear?
a) Helix
b) Tragus
c) Lobule
d) Tympanic Membrane

A

D

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4
Q

What does the tympanic membrane separate?
a) External ear from the middle ear
b) Middle ear from the inner ear
c) Inner ear from the brain
d) External ear from the skull

A

A

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5
Q

What feature is visible during otoscopic inspection of the tympanic membrane?
a) Auricle fold
b) Eustachian tube opening
c) Cone of light
d) Incus position

A

C

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6
Q

What is the role of the malleus?
a) Covers the ear canal
b) Vibrates in response to sound
c) Pulls at the center of the tympanic membrane
d) Connects to the internal auditory nerve

A

C

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7
Q

Which part of the tympanic membrane is slack?
a) Pars tensa
b) Annulus
c) Umbo
d) Pars flaccida

A

D

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8
Q

Where is the middle ear located?
a) Above the external ear
b) In the nasal cavity
c) Within the temporal bone
d) Adjacent to the throat

A

C

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9
Q

What are the three tiny bones in the middle ear called?
a) Cochlea, Semicircular canals, Eustachian tube
b) Helix, Tragus, Auricle
c) Malleus, Incus, Stapes
d) Tympanic membrane, Eardrum, Annulus

A

C

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10
Q

What is one main function of the middle ear?
a) Filters air passing to the lungs
b) Balances body fluids
c) Conducts sound vibrations to the inner ear
d) Produces earwax

A

C

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11
Q

How does the middle ear protect the inner ear?
a) Absorbs sound frequency
b) Amplifies incoming vibrations
c) Reduces the amplitude of loud sounds
d) Directs sounds to the tympanic membrane

A

C

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12
Q

What are the three tiny bones in the middle ear?
a) Hammer, anvil, and stirrup
b) Cochlea, vestibule, and canals
c) Eardrum, ossicles, and vestibule
d) Malleus, incus, and stapes

A

D

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13
Q

What role does the eustachian tube play in the middle ear?
a) Allows pressure equalization on both sides of the tympanic membrane
b) Conducts sound to the inner ear
c) Houses sensory organs for hearing
d) Transmits electrical impulses to the brain

A

A

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14
Q

Which part of the inner ear is responsible for hearing?
a) Vestibule
b) Semicircular canals
c) Eustachian tube
d) Cochlea

A

D

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15
Q

What is the main component of the vestibular apparatus?
a) Cochlea and ossicles
b) Outer ear and eardrum
c) Vestibule and semicircular canals
d) Auditory cortex and brain stem

A

C

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16
Q

How does the ear convert sound vibrations?
a) Transmits sound and converts vibrations into electrical impulses
b) Amplifies sound before transmission
c) Enhances vibrations through the outer ear
d) Filters noise before reaching the brain

A

A

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17
Q

What can obstruct sound transmission in the ear?
a) Increased noise levels
b) Excess earwax or fluid
c) Improper eustachian tube function
d) Any obstruction can lead to hearing impairment

A

D

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18
Q

Which type of hearing loss involves obstruction in sound transmission?
a) Sensorineural Hearing Loss
b) Mixed Hearing Loss
c) Acquired Hearing Loss
d) Conductive Hearing Loss

A

D

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19
Q

What structures are housed within the bony labyrinth?
a) Auditory nerves and ear bones
b) Eardrum and ear canal
c) Tympanic membrane and cochlea
d) Sensory organs for equilibrium and hearing

A

D

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20
Q

Which part of the auditory system involves brain functions?
a) Cerebral cortex
b) Eustachian tube
c) Middle ear
d) Outer ear

A

A

21
Q

What is the primary function of the middle ear?
a) Regulates air pressure
b) Filters sounds from the environment
c) Translates vibrations into nerve signals
d) Conducts sound vibrations to the inner ear

A

D

22
Q

What characterizes Conductive Hearing Loss?
a) Nerve degeneration in the inner ear.
b) Mechanical dysfunction of the external or middle ear.
c) Pathological condition of cranial nerve VIII.
d) Combination of conductive and sensorineural causes.

A

B

23
Q

What is a common cause of Sensorineural Hearing Loss?
a) Cerumen buildup from the external ear.
b) Otosclerosis affecting the middle ear.
c) Presbycusis, or age-related gradual degeneration.
d) Inflammation of the eustachian tube.

A

C

24
Q

What type of hearing loss combines both conductive and sensorineural causes?
a) Conductive Hearing Loss.
b) Sensorineural Hearing Loss.
c) Mixed Hearing Loss.
d) Total Hearing Loss.

A

C

25
Q

What is the function of the semicircular canals in the inner ear?
a) Provide information about body position and equilibrium.
b) Transmit sound to the outer ear.
c) Protect the ear from infection.
d) Amplify sound waves for better hearing.

A

A

26
Q

What can inflammation of the labyrinth lead to?
a) Hearing loss in the inner ear.
b) Damage to cranial nerve VIII.
c) Vertigo.
d) Fluids accumulating in the middle ear.

A

C

27
Q

Why are infants more prone to otitis media?
a) Their ear canals are narrower than adults.
b) Their eustachian tube is short and horizontal.
c) They have smaller semicircular canals.
d) Their cilia are more flexible and soft.

A

B

28
Q

What is a prevalent cause of conductive hearing loss in adults under 40?
a) Cerebral degeneration.
b) Presbycusis.
c) Otosclerosis.
d) Nerve damage.

A

C

29
Q

What factors can lead to hearing decline in older adults?
a) Enlarged eustachian tube.
b) Frequent exposure to loud sounds.
c) Shortened hearing canal.
d) Coarse cilia, impacted cerumen, and nerve degeneration.

A

D

30
Q

What are essential components for assessing hearing loss?
a) Only objective assessments.
b) Visual inspections of the ear.
c) Both subjective and objective assessments.
d) Patient age and occupation only.

A

C

31
Q

What is a common cause of conductive hearing loss in younger adults?
a) Earwax blockage
b) Nerve degeneration
c) Otosclerosis
d) Middle ear infection

A

C

32
Q

Which change in older adults may lead to decreased hearing?
a) Coarse and stiff cilia
b) Fluid in the ear
c) Ear infection
d) Inflammation of sinuses

A

A

33
Q

What should be inquired about for subjective assessment of ear health?
a) Ear infections
b) Balance tests
c) Hearing aids
d) Physical exercise

A

A

34
Q

What is an important factor to assess during an objective ear health check?
a) Inner ear fluid levels
b) Size and shape of the auricle
c) Ear heating
d) Auditory frequency ranges

A

B

35
Q

What does tinnitus refer to?
a) Ringing in the ears
b) Ear pain
c) Hearing loss
d) Noise sensitivity

A

A

36
Q

What is a typical sign to assess during the inspection of the external ear?
a) Hair growth
b) Skin condition
c) Blood flow
d) Ear temperature

A

B

37
Q

Which area is palpated to check for tenderness in the ear?
a) Eustachian tube
b) Tragus
c) Inner ear
d) Cochlea

A

B

38
Q

What symptom should patients report for a thorough ear health assessment?
a) Nausea
b) Headaches
c) Vision changes
d) Vertigo

A

D

39
Q

What element can contribute to hearing acuity decline in older adults?
a) Nerve degeneration in the inner ear
b) Excessive water intake
c) Frequent yawning
d) Allergies to dust

A

A

40
Q

Which of the following involves evaluating ear position and alignment?
a) Conduct hearing tests
b) Measure sound frequency
c) Check balance
d) Inspect and palpate the external ear

A

D

41
Q

What size characteristics should be assessed in the external auditory meatus?
a) Only redness and swelling
b) Only discharge and cerumen
c) Size, swelling, redness, discharge, cerumen, lesions, foreign bodies
d) No characteristics are needed

A

C

42
Q

What should be inspected in the external canal during an otoscopic examination?
a) Only redness and swelling
b) Just the tympanic membrane
c) Cerumen, discharge, foreign bodies, lesions, canal wall condition
d) Only the size of the canal

A

C

43
Q

What characteristics of the tympanic membrane should be noted?
a) Only position and integrity
b) Only color and characteristics
c) Swelling, infection, and pain
d) Color, characteristics, position, integrity

A

D

44
Q

How should the patient’s hearing acuity be initially assessed?
a) By examining the ear canal
b) Using a tuning fork test
c) Inspecting the tympanic membrane
d) Via behavioral response to conversational speech

A

D

45
Q

What is the purpose of the Romberg Test?
a) To assess hearing acuity
b) To inspect ear anatomy
c) To check for ear infections
d) To evaluate standing balance

A

D

46
Q

What should be considered for developmental stage in ear assessment?
a) Use the same methods for all ages
b) Tailor assessment techniques for children and older adults
c) Ignore developmental stages
d) Only assess older adults

A

B

47
Q

What signs may indicate tympanic membrane changes in older adults?
a) Brighter, shinier, clearer than younger adults
b) No changes in appearance
c) Whiter, more opaque, duller than in younger adults
d) Only redness in older adults

A

C

48
Q

What risk is associated with digital music players and earbuds?
a) No risk factors present
b) Increased risk for hearing loss
c) Improved hearing acuity
d) Only temporary hearing loss

A

B

49
Q

What is a preventive measure for hearing loss with devices?
a) Increase volume while using devices
b) Use longer earbud cords
c) Suggest reducing usage of digital music players
d) Avoid ear assessments

A

C

Jarvis: Physical Examination & Health Assessment, 4th Canadian Edition (38 decks)

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