Chapter 2

Question 1

Element

Answer 1

Pure substance that consist entirely of atoms with the same, characteristic number of protons

Question 2

Proton (p+)

Answer 2

Positively charged particle of an atom’s nucleus

Question 3

Electron (e-)

Answer 3

Negatively charged particle that can occupy a volume of space (orbital) around an atom’s nucleus

Question 4

Neutron

Answer 4

Uncharged particle of an atom’s nucleus

Question 5

Isotope

Answer 5

One of two or more forms of an element, the atoms of which differ in the number of neutrons

Question 6

Radioisotope

Answer 6

Unstable isotope that emits particles and energy when its nucleus disintegrates

Question 7

Tracer

Answer 7

Molecule that has a detectable substance attached (such as a radioisotope)

Question 8

Ion

Answer 8

Atom that carries a charge after it has gained or lost one or more electrons

Question 9

Molecule

Answer 9

Two or more atoms

Question 10

Compound

Answer 10

Molecules of two or more different elements

ex.water

Question 11

mixture

Answer 11

Intermingling of two or more elements or compounds in proportions that can vary

Question 12

solute

Answer 12

molecule or ion dissolved in a solvent

Question 13

acid

Answer 13

substance that releases H+ when dissolved in water

Question 14

Base

Answer 14

substance that accepts H+ when dissolved in water

Question 15

Salt

Answer 15

Substance that releases ions

Question 16

Charge

Answer 16

Electrical property that attracts or repels other subatomic particles

Question 17

Protons

Answer 17

positive charge

Question 18

Neutrons

Answer 18

No charge

Question 19

Electrons

Answer 19

Negative charge

Question 20

Atomic Number

Answer 20

The number of protons

Question 21

mass number

Answer 21

total number of protons and neutrons in nucleus

Question 22

chemical bond

Answer 22

attractive force that rises between two atoms when their electrons interact .

Question 23

nonpolar

Answer 23

atoms in the bond are sharing electrons equally

Question 24

polar

Answer 24

do not share electrons equally

Question 25

hydrogen bonds

Answer 25

are weak

Question 26

pH

Answer 26

measure of the number of hydrogen ions in a solution

Question 27

kinetic energy

Answer 27

energy in motion

Question 28

Potential energy

Answer 28

stored energy

Question 29

Ionic bonds

Answer 29

mutual attraction between opposite charges

Question 30

Solution

Answer 30

two or more substances

Question 31

isotope

Answer 31

same number of protons, diff number of neutrons

Question 32

covalent bond

Answer 32

strongest bond, free election, wants to share

Question 33

cohension

Answer 33

water molecules held closely together bc hydrogen bond