Chapter 16 I’m gonna miss this

Question 1

Diathesis Stress Model

Answer 1

a psychological theory that attempts to explain behavior together with stress from life experiences (nature vs. nurture)

Question 2

4 D’s

Answer 2

1. Deviant—different, extreme, unusual, (any deviation from the majority)
2. Distressful—unpleasant or upsetting to the individual
3. Dysfunctional—disruptive to the person’s ability to conduct daily activities (those that fail to adjust)
4. Dangerous—threatening to the person’s well-being or to the safety of others.

Question 3

Psychological disorder

Answer 3

deviant, distressful and dysfunctional behavior patterns

Question 4

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd)

Answer 4

psychological disorder marked by the appearance by the age of 7 of one or more of the three key symptoms

Question 5

Medical model

Answer 5

the concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated and in most cases cured

Question 6

DSM five

Answer 6

the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th Edition); a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders

Question 7

Labeling effect

Answer 7

when labels can stigmatize a person by basing others’ interpretations and perceptions of past and present behaviors and by affecting the way people react to the labeled person

Question 8

Anxiety disorders

Answer 8

psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety

Question 9

Generalized anxiety disorder (gad)

Answer 9

an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal

Question 10

Panic disorder

Answer 10

an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minute-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking and other frightening symptoms

Question 11

Phobia

Answer 11

an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation

Question 12

Agoraphobia

Answer 12

fear or avoidance of situations in which escape might be difficult or help unavailable when panic strikes

Question 13

Obsessive- compulsive disorder

Answer 13

an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsession) and for actions (compulsiveness)

Question 14

Post-traumatic stress disorder

Answer 14

an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience

Question 15

Dissociative identity disorder (multiple personality disorder)

Answer 15

a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities

Question 16

Dissociative disorders

Answer 16

disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts and feelings

Question 17

Mood disorders

Answer 17

psychological disorder characterized by emotional extremes (major depressive disorder, mania, and bi-polar disorder

Question 18

Major depressive disorder

Answer 18

mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or medical condition, two r more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness and diminished interests or pleasure in most activities

Question 19

Dysthymic disorder

Answer 19

a down-in-the-dumps mood that fills most of the day nearly everyday for 2 or more years

Question 20

Mania

Answer 20

a mood disorder marked by hyperactive, wildly optimistic state (extreme highs)

Question 21

Bipolar disorder

Answer 21

a mood disorder in which the person alternates between hopelessness and lethargy if depression and the overexcited state of mania (formerly manic-depressive disorder)

Question 22

Schizophrenia

Answer 22

a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions and inappropriate emotions and actions

Question 23

Catania

Answer 23

immobility (or excessive, purposeless movement) extreme negativism and/or parrot-like repeating of another’s speech or movement

Question 24

Delusions

Answer 24

false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur that may accompany psychotic disorders

Question 25

Hallucinations

Answer 25

sensory experiences without sensory stimulation

Question 26

Personality disorders

Answer 26

psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

Question 27

Antisocial personality disorder

Answer 27

a personality disorder in which the person (usually men) exhibits a lack of conscious for wrongdoing, even towards friends and family members; may be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con-artist