Chapter 12 Build Season Ded Flashcards
Motivation
a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior
Instinct
a complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned
Mothers stay awake
Drive reduction theory
the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates and organism to satisfy the need.
Homeostasis
a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level
Incentives
A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior (needs push or pull us in reducing drives)
Food deprived then smells food and feels hunger
Arousal theory
Human motivation aims to seek optimum levels of arousal, not to eliminate it.
Climbing mountains, stress, boredom, exploring environment
Abraham Maslow
an American psychologist who was best known for creating the hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization
Hierarchy of needs
Maslow’s pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active
Set point
The point at which an individuals weight thermostat is supposedly set. When the body falls below, increase in hunger and a lower metabolic rate to restore lost weight
Anorexia nervosa
an eating disorder in which a normal-weight person (usually an adolescent female) diets and becomes significantly (15 percent or more) underweight, yet, still feeling fat, continues to starve
Bulima nervosa
an eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise
Sexual response cycle
the four stages of sexual responding describe by Masters and Johnson—excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
Refractory period
a resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannot achieve another orgasm
Alfred Kingsey
was an American biologist and sexologist who in 1947 founded the Institute for Sex Research at Indiana University now known as the Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction
Sexual disorder
a problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning
