Chapter 16: Adolescent Psychosocial development Flashcards
eriksons stage during adolescence
identity v. role confusion (diffusion)
-trying to define yourself as a unique person
(sexual/gender identity, racial, sister, major, hobbies, political orientation
what are the stages of identity status?
- identity achievement
- Foreclosure
3 Negative Identity - identity diffusion
- moratorium
what is identity achievement?
when an adolescent achieves a sense of who they are as a unique individual
attitude towards parents: loving and treat parents with more concern and as their equals
what is foreclosure?
premature identity formation
(ex. going to lawschool just because their parent was an attorney)
attitude towards parents: loving, but evidences more respect and deference
what is negative identity?
when roles that are expected are unatttainable or unappealing, so identity is opposite of the one expected
(ex. preachers kids)
attitudes towards parents: most likely conflictual
what is identity diffusion?
few commitments to goals or values and fairly apathetic
attitudes towards parents: withdrawn
what is moratorium?
the time out during which an adolescent experiments with an alternative identity without settling on one
attitude towards parents: not withdrawn but more independent
what is the sequence of racial identity development?
- age 3:
can correctly identify racial differences - age 4:
dominant group can reveal ingroup bias - age 5:
kids start to demonstrate strong in group cohesion and they stick with their own - age 8:
kids can label oneself as a racial or ethnic group
what are questions to think about when watching the truth about hate video?
-how does prejudice/bias/hatred develop?
-what are everyday or more subtle forms of bias?
-what are the sources of messages?
-why do some people grow up with extreme hatred and others do not
-what are some factors that help to decrease prejudice/hatred
the role of peer is especially ___ in adolescence
important
what is the relative influence of family/parents in adolescence?
-finances
-education
-career plans
what is the relative influence of a peer group in adolescence?
-dress
-personal adornment (piercing/tattoo)
-dating
-drinking and drugs
-music
-entertainment
overview of adolescent suicide
-3rd leading cause of death for adolescents 15 to 19
-incidence 11:100000 for adolescents
-previous attemtps are the biggest warning sign for ‘successful’ suicide
for every 100,000 attempted suicides, how many actually occur?
2,000
what are the warning signs of suicide?
- sudden decline in school attendance and achievement
2.break in love relationship - withdrawal from social relationships
- attempted suicide
- cluster suicide (13 reasons why)
overview of delinquency and antisocial behavior
- person is more likely to be arrested at age 16 than any other age
- 47% of arrests for serious crimes (murder, assault, and robbery) involve youths under 21
- African American males are 14 times as likely to be murdered
- youth under 18 years old account for 10 percent of the population, but
-20% of all violent crimes
-44% of all serious crime arrests
-23%of all violent crime victims
what is the most commonly abused drug in adolescence?
alcohol
what percentage of 8th graders acknowledge using alcohol? What percentage of seniors?
33% of 8th graders
70% of seniors
in colleges binge drinking is common in what percentage of students?
more than 50 percent
what counts as binge drinking for men, women?
men- 5 or more drinks
women- 4 or more drinks
binge drinkers are 7 to 10x more likely to…
a. have unprotected sex
b. engage in unplanned sex
c. get in trouble with police
d. damage property (ie centre light posts)
e. become hurt or injured (pedestrians)a
alcohol is implicated in…
- 90% of campus rapes
- 60% of females with STIs
what are the adverse physical effects of steroids?
-increased blood pressure
-breast development in men
-masculinization in women
-sterilization in men
-acne
-stunted growth
what are the adverse psychological effects of steroids?
-extreme and intense anger (roid rage)