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LATG > Chapter 15: Diagnostic Techniques > Flashcards

Chapter 15: Diagnostic Techniques Flashcards

1
Q 
Which of the following terms means to predict the outcome of a disease?
A- diagnosis
B- prognosis
C- health surveillance
D- etiology
A

B- prognosis

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2
Q

What is the primary evaluation procedure used to determine is an animal has an ectoparasite infestation?

A

A gross visual examination

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3
Q

In dogs, adult heartworms are found most often in the ________ and the right ventricle of the heart.

A

Pulmonary artery

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4
Q

Which diagnostic test is based on fact that nematode larvae will accumulate at the bottom of a funnel?

A

Fecal sedimentation

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5
Q 
Smears can be used to determine the presence of endoparasites in which of the following samples?
A- feces
B- sputum
C- blood
D- all of the above
A

D- all of the above

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6
Q

What test is performed to detect mites?

A

Skin scraping

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7
Q

What test has larvae sink to the bottom?

A

Fecal sedimentation

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8
Q

What test has eggs that come to the surface?

A

Fecal floatation

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9
Q

What is a cellophane tape technique use for?

A

Some species of pinworms

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10
Q

What makes up the Buffy coat?

A

White blood cells

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11
Q

What is the definition of anemia?

A

Low hematocrit

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12
Q

What is yellow plasma a sign of?

A

Jaundice

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13
Q

What is dehydration measured by in blood?

A

Specific gravity

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14
Q

The measurement obtained when you perform a hematocrit represents:

A

A percentage

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15
Q

In most species, which type of white blood cells are the most numerous?

A

Neutrophils/heterophils

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16
Q

The presence of parasites and allergic reactions are two conditions that often cause an elevation in the numbers of which white blood cells?

A

Eosinophils

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17
Q

Which test gives information on blood cell morphology?

A

Peripheral blood smear

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18
Q

True or False

Clinical serum chemistries are tests that determine the chemical composition of the blood cells

A

False

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19
Q

What is the difference between plasma and serum?

A

Plasma is the noncellular portion of whole blonde (unclotted). Serum is the liquid obtained from blood that has been allowed to clot

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20
Q 
Which of the following best describes blood plasma?
A- whole blood
B- unclotted blood
C- the liquid portion of unclotted blood
D- the liquid portion of clotted blood
A

C- the liquid portion of unclotted blood

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21
Q

Measuring an antibody titer can give information about:
A- active infection
B- past infection
C- number of times the animal has been exposed to a pathogen
D- period of time elapsed since the last exposure to the antigen

A

A- active infection

B- past infection

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22
Q

True or False

The best way to obtain a sterile urine sample is to use a catheter inserted in the urethra of the animal

A

False

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23
Q

Examination of skin mucus taken from aquatic species under a microscope is also known as:

A

Wet mount

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24
Q

True or False

To examine the urinary sediments, the urine should be left undisturbed for several hours before being stained

A

False

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25
Q 
Hematology can assist the technologist in diagnosis of which of the following health problems?
A- anemia
B- dehydration
C- infection
D- all of the above
A

D- all of the above

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26
Q

Why can’t viruses be co-identified with bacteria if inoculated on the same agar plate?

A

Viruses do not grow on artificial media

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27
Q

True or False

An examination of the animal’s cage should be part of the development of the case history of the animal being necropsied.

A

True

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28
Q

Why should the carcass of an animal never be frozen before necropsy?

A

Because the formation of ice crystals will disrupt the cell structures and will make tissue examination impossible

29
Q

True or False

X-Rays can penetrate through most body tissues

A

True

30
Q

True or False

Infared radiation is emitted from all objects

A

True

31
Q 
Which of the following is an example of a contrast medium?
A- cadmium
B- Luciferin
C- bilirubin
D- gadolinium
A

D- gadolinium

32
Q

In dorsoventral recumbency, which part of the animal do the x-rays strike first?

A

The back

33
Q

True or False

Physiological control is important during diagnostic imaging to prevent the introduction of artifact.

A

True

34
Q

Which method would you want to use to follow in real time the progress of a catheter from a peripheral blood vessel to the heart?

A

Fluoroscopy

35
Q 
Which of the following techniques uses a radioisotope to provide images of in vivo biological processes?
A- fluoroscopy 
B- ultrasound
C- magnetic resonance imaging
D- positron emission tomography
A

D- positron emission tomography

36
Q

What is an antibody titer?
A- The highest dilution of the blood sample in which there is no reaction with the antigen
B- The amount of antigen circulating in the bloodstream
C- The amount of antibody per deciliter of blood
D- The greatest dilution of blood sample with a positive result when exposed to the antigen

A

D- The greatest dilution of blood sample with a positive result when exposed to the antigen

37
Q 
X-rays are which type of waves?
A- Geomagnetic
B- Thermomagnetic
C- Electromagnetic
D- Biomagnetic
A

C- Electromagentic

38
Q 
What must be absent from the diet of an animal to used for fluorescent imaging?
A- chlorophyll
B- starch
C- animal fat
D- iodine
A

A- chlorophyll

39
Q 
What do high concentrations of neutrophils usually indicate?
A- past-parasitic infection
B- active bacterial infection
C- active viral infection
D- allergic infection
A

B- active bacterial infection

40
Q 
What is another term for a complete blood count (CBC)?
A- hemostat
B- hemogram
C- hemograph
D- hemoatocrit
A

B- hemogram

41
Q 
Bioluminescent imaging requires a light signal from which molecule?
A- Gadolinium
B- Luciferin
C- Fluorescein
D- Cadmium
A

B- Luciferin

42
Q 
The buffy coat in the hematocrit tube can be collected and used to determine which of the following?
A- Prescence of icterus in the animal
B- Triglyceride level in the blood
C- Morphology of the white blood cells
D- Platelet count
A

C- Morphology of the white blood cells

43
Q 
Body cells secrete antibodies in reaction to which of the following?
A- The presence of waste products
B- The presence of an antigen
C- Changes in electrolyte concentrations
D- Changes in blood composition
A

B- The presence of an antigen

44
Q 
Radioactive isotopes can be attached to which molecule in positron emission tomography?
A- Glycogen
B- Glutaraldehyde
C- Glycine
D- Glucose
A

D- Glucose

45
Q

If there is a delay before the animal is necropsied, what is the best approach to preserve the body?
A- Keep the body at room temperature but protect it from insects and other animals
B- The animal should always be necropsied within 8 hours of its death
C- Place the body in the freezer to prevent decomposition
D- Refrigerate the animal’s body to prevent rapid decomposition

A

D- Refrigerate the animal’s body to prevent rapid decomposition

46
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a common component of a small imaging cradle?
A- Heat pad
B- Pulse sensor 
C- Oxygen meter
D- Microbial barrier
A

D- Microbial barrier

47
Q 
To preserve tissues for further examination, what is the usual ratio of tissue to fixative used by weight?
A- 1 to 5
B- 1 to 50
C- 1 to 20
D- 1 to 1
A

C- 1 to 20

48
Q 
Under which condition will viruses grow?
A- Agar plate
B- Glass culture plates
C- Artificial nutrient media
D- Cell culture
A

D- Cell culture

49
Q

What is indicated by the red top tubes usually used for serum chemistry testing?
A- Testing for enzymes
B- Testing of metabolites and waste products
C- Use of plasma for the tests
D- Use of serum for the tests

A

D- Use of serum for the tests

50
Q 
Serology is testing of serum for the presence or absence of:
A- Viruses
B- Metabolites
C- Enzymes
D- Antibodies
A

D- Antibodies

51
Q

What does the specific gravity of urine measure?
A- Kidney’s ability to concentrate the urine
B- Kidney’s ability to eliminate toxins from the body
C- Amount of glucose in the urine
D- Amount o blood in the urine

A

A- Kidney’s ability to concentrate the urine

52
Q 
In which technique is the x-ray beam rotated 360 degrees around the patient to allow precise location of lesions?
A- Positron emission tomography
B- Magnetic resonance imaging 
C- Fluoroscopy
D- Computed tomography
A

D- Computed tomography

53
Q 
Which method is most commonly used for the detection of pinworm species?
A- Cellophane tape test
B- Serological testing
C- Fecal direct smear
D- Fecal sedimentation
A

A- Cellophane tape test

54
Q 
To examine fur, what substance is used to prepare the glass slide?
A- Distilled water
B- Isopropyl alcohol
C- Saline
D- Mineral oil
A

D- Mineral oil

55
Q 
What do depressed levels of neutrophils usually indicate?
A- Past parasitic infection
B- Active bacterial infection
C- Leukemia
D- Active viral infection
A

D- Active viral infection

56
Q 
Which instrument is used to measure the specific gravity of urine?
A- Microscope
B- Refractometer
C- Spectrometer
D- Centrifuge
A

B- Refractometer

57
Q 
In most species, which type of white blood cells are the most numerous?
A- Eosinophils
B- Neutrophils/heterophils
C- Lymphocytes
D-Monocytes
A

B- Neutrophils/heterophils

58
Q 
A white blood cell differential is also know as a:
A- Leukogram
B- Serum chemistry
C- Peripheral blood smear
D- Hemogram
A

A- Leukogram

59
Q 
Platelets are a source of which of the following?
A- Triglycerides
B- Clotting factors
C- Hemoglobin
D- Antibodies
A

B- Clotting factors

60
Q 
A low hemoglobin concentration indicates:
A- An active viral infection
B- An active bacterial infection 
C- Anemia 
D- An allergic reaction
A

C- Anemia

61
Q 
The presence of parasites and allergic reactions are two conditions that often cause an elevation in which white blood cell type?
A- Neutrophils
B- Lymphocytes
C- Eosinophils
D- Basophils
A

C- Eosinophils

62
Q 
Paper strips used to evaluate urine samples are know as:
A- Color charts
B- Urine strips
C- pH strips
D- dipsticks
A

D- dipsticks

63
Q

Hemoglobin is the:
A- Total number of red blood cells in a volume of blood
B- Percentage of blood volume occupied by blood cells
C- Liquid (noncellular) portion of unclothed blood
D- Oxygen-carrying component of red blood cells

A

D- Oxygen-carrying component of red blood cells

64
Q

What is a major advantage of fluoroscopy over standard radiography?
A- It uses less radiation
B- It takes moving pictures
C- It allows clearer images of dense tissues and organs
D- Two organs can be visualized at once

A

B- It takes moving pictures

65
Q

Which of the following is an example of histopathology?
A- Any lesion or growth is described in detail to help in diagnosis
B- Each organ is weighed and examined for an visible abnormalities
C- Serological tests are conducted to obtain a history of infections affecting the animal
D- Thin slices of tissue are fixed, stained, and examined under the microscope

A

D- Thin slices of tissue are fixed, stained, and examined under the microscope

66
Q 
Which of the following best describes blood serum?
A- Whole blood
B- The liquid portion of unclotted blood
C- The liquid portion of clotted blood
D- Unclotted blood
A

C- The liquid portion of clotted blood

67
Q 
A hematocrit is used to determine which of the following?
A- Red blood cell count
B- Packed cell volume
C- Level of oxygen in the blood
D- Morphology of the red blood cells
A

B- Packed cell volume

68
Q 
Which test provides information on blood cell morphology?
A- Hematocrit
B- Peripheral blood smear
C- Erthrocyte count
D- Packed cell volume
A

B- Peripheral blood smear

LATG (23 decks)

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